Muscular System And Terms Flashcards
Skeletal or Striated Muscle
Where is it found and function
Where muscle is attached to the skeleton, either extrinsic or intrinsecly. Brings about movement. Example; the muscles of mastication, digastrictus, masseter, temporalis, and medial and lateral pterygoids.
Smooth Muscle
Where is it found and function
‘unstriated’, ‘visceral’ muscle. Found in regions of the body that are under involuntary control. Example; bladder or uterus.
Cardiac Muscle
Where is it found and function
Found only in the heart where it forms the myocardium. Responsibly for the rhythmic and automatic contraction of the heart.
Skeletal Muscle, also called?
Striated Muscle
Striated muscle, voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
Smooth muscle, voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Cardiac muscle, voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Extrinsic Muscles
Muscles that are attached from one major structure, such as the trunk, to another structure such as a limb.
Extrinsic Muscles
Function
Bring about movement of the whole limb in relation to other body parts. (example; moving an entire arm)
Intrinsic Muscles
Muscles that are attached at both ends within one structure. Such as a limb.
Intrinsic Muscles
Function
Bring about movement within the individual limb (example; bending an elbow)
Epaxial Muscles
Dorsal muscles of the vertaebral column (above the transverse processes of the vertebrae)
Epaxial Muscles
Function
Support the spine
extend the vertebral column
allow lateral flexion.
Hypaxial Muscles
Ventral muscles of the vertaebral column (below the transverse processes of the vertebrae)
Hypaxial Muscles
Function
Flex the neck and tail and contribute to the flexion of the vertebral column.
Diaphragm
The sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Diaphragm
Function
The diaphragm is the main muscle of inspiration. When it contracts, the lungs expand and draw in air.
Intercostals, where and what types?
Between Ribs
External and Internal
External Intercostals
Where, How and What
External intercostals originate at the caudal edge of one rib and insert on the cranial surface of the rib behind it. These are are the most superficial.
External intercostals assist in inspiration.
Internal Intercostals
Where, How and What
Internal intercostals are below the external intercostals and originate on the cranial edge of one rib and insert on the caudal edge of the rib in front of it.
Internal intercostals assist in expiration, which is a mostly passive movement.
Ligament
Connects one bone to another bone. Support, connection of skeletal system.
Tendon
Connects muscle to bone. Allows muscle connection for movement of skeletal system.
