Muscular System Flashcards
Differentiate between the Muscle types
Cardiac - involuntary, branched, striated,
Skeletal - voluntary, bundled, movement
Smooth - involuntary, non striated, moving substances around the body (intestines)
State the muscular functions
Movement
Stability
Generating body heat
Moving Substances
3 properties of muscle tissue
Extensibility - over extending or lengthening muscle tissues
Contractility - muscles contract and shorten
Elasticity - muscles returning to resting state after being shortened or lengthen
Differentiate between CNS and PNS
CNS - brain + spine
it has the most control + 5 senses
PNS - spinal column to limbs/other body parts
Explain the different motor units
Type 1 - slow twitch, small force production, high capillary density, fatigue resistant
Type 2a - fast twitch, large force production, medium capillary density, fatigue to a point
Type 2x - fastest twitch, largest force prod, low capillary density, fatigue sensitive
Hypertrophy V Atrophy
1) transient
2) chronic
Hypertrophy - an increase in muscle size
1) temporary - build of blood plasma in the muscle
2) long-lasting as a result of training
Atrophy - lost of muscle
as a result of inactivity or injury
Type of muscle contractions
Isometric - muscles contract, length doesn’t change
Isotonic ecc - lengthening of a muscle during contraction
isotonic con - shortening of a muscle during a contraction
Isokinetic - muscles contract at a constant speed around a joint
What is an agonist?
Muscles contract and shorten when stimulated
- produce the most force
What is an antagonist ?
Muscles relax and lengthen
what is an origin?
Muscle attached to a stationary bone
what is an insertion?
Muscles attached to a moveable bone
what is a fixator ?
Muscles that prevent a bone from moving
What is a synergist?
Aides the agonist
