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Anatomy & Physiology > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is skeletal muscle

A

Function-Attaches to bones and are largely responsible for voluntary body movements

Structure-Striated muscle: Made of striation

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2
Q

What is smooth muscle

A

Function-Alternate contracting and relaxing of layers change the organ’s size and shape, and aid in moving the organ’s contents. Can sustain contraction for long periods of time without fatigue

Structure- Cells arranged in layers. Small, spindle-shaped, non-striated. Involuntary and have a single nucleus

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3
Q

What is cardiac muscle

A

Location- Solely in the walls of the heart

Function-The arrangement of cells enables spontaneous contractions of neighboring cells to produce the heartbeat

Structure-Branched and cross-striated cells join together at structures called intercalated discs

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4
Q

What is the extensibility of muscle behavior

A

The ability to be stretched

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5
Q

What is the elasticity of muscle behavior

A

The ability to return to normal length after a stretch

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6
Q

What is irritability of muscle behavior

A

The ability to respond to stimulus. Results in muscle contraction

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7
Q

What is the contractibility of muscle behavior

A

The ability to contract and shorten. There is a pulling force since tendons are attached to muscles, which creates tension.

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8
Q

What is isometric tension

A

No change in muscle length(no movement, stand still)

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9
Q

What is concentric tension

A

Shortening of muscle

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10
Q

What is eccentric tension

A

Lengthening of muscle

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11
Q

How do muscles generate heat

A

When muscles are worked, ATP is needed for energy and when the muscles are stimulated, ATP is released and heat is also a result of its release.

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12
Q

Muscle strength

A

How much weight muscle can life. Measured by the amount of torque the muscle can generate.

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13
Q

Muscle endurance

A

How long muscles can contract over a period of time, without fatiguing. Measured by marking the number of contractions before fatigue.

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14
Q

Muscle growth

A

After working out, your muscles tear and then replace themselves which muscle fibers fuse together to form bigger and better muscle strands.

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15
Q

Muscle fatigue

A

Muscle soreness.

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16
Q

How do muscles fatigue

A

Aerobic respiration-When oxygen is the main source.

Anaerobic respiration-When more energy is required than oxygen is taken in.

Lactate is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration, in which muscles continue to contract even when energy is deleted. When the lactate threshold is reached, then soreness in muscles occurs.

17
Q

What is the Frontalis muscle

A

Located on the forehead and raises eyebrows

18
Q

What is the Orbicularis Oculi muscle

A

Located around eyes and closes eyes

19
Q

What is the Nasalis muscle

A

Located in the nose and modifies the shape of the nostrils

20
Q

What is the Orbicularis Oris muscle

A

Located around the mouth and closes lips

21
Q

What is the Zygomaticus muscle

A

Connects the cheekbones to the corners of the mouth and makes us smile

22
Q

What is the Platysma muscle

A

Located on the front and side of the mouth and pulls the corners of the mouth down, as well as open wide and you feel it on sides of the throat as well

23
Q

What is the Masseter muscle

A

Connects cheekbones to the corner of the mouth and helps with jaw closing

24
Q

What is the Temporalis muscle

A

Connects muscle over the temporal bone and assist the masseter with closing the jaw

25
Q

What is the Sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Located on side of the neck and helps lift and rotate the head

26
Q

What is the Pectoralis Major muscle

A

Located on upper chest and helps flex our arms

27
Q

What is the Rectus Abdominis muscle

A

Is at the center of the abdominal and helps flex and rotate the trunk a.k.a the stomach

28
Q

What is the Internal Oblique muscle

A

Located on the right and left side of the abdomen and helps flex and rotate the trunk a.k.a the stomach.

29
Q

What is the Trapezius muscle

A

Located on upper back and neck and helps extend the head

30
Q

What is the Erector Spinae muscle

A

Is the length of the verbal column and helps rotate and flex the vertebral column

31
Q

What is the Diaphragm muscle

A

Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity and enlarges the thoracic cavity for inhaling

32
Q

What is the Internal Intercostal muscle

A

Connects the ribs and decreases thoracic activity during forced breathing

33
Q

What is the External Intercostal muscle

A

Connects the ribs and helps enlarge the thoracic cavity for inhaling

Anatomy & Physiology (6 decks)

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