Muscular System

Question 1

The skeleton needs muscles to move the body together they are called the muscle-skeletal system

Answer 1

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Question 2

When you contact a muscle it pulls on the tendon which pulls on the bone making it move

Answer 2

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Question 3

During exercise muscles need oxygen so they can move the body

Answer 3

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Question 4

When the heart beats it pumps blood carrying oxygen to these muscles

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Question 5

Pectorals- Adduction and flax horizontally at the shoulder for example playing a forehand shot during tennis

Answer 5

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Question 6

Biceps- Flexion at the elbow joint for example curing a weight

Answer 6

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Question 7

Quadriceps- Extension at the knee for example a drop kick in rugby

Answer 7

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Question 8

Latissimus Dorsi- Extension, adduction or rotation at the shoulder for example butterfly stroke during swimming

Answer 8

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Question 9

Deltoids- Flexion, extension abduction or circumduction at the shoulder for example front crew in swimmung

Answer 9

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Question 10

Trapezius- Extension at the next for example preparing the head a football

Answer 10

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Question 11

Abdominals- Flexion at the waist for example during a sit-up

Answer 11

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Question 12

Triceps- Extension at the elbow for example during a jump shot in basketball

Answer 12

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Question 13

Gluteals- Extension, rotation and abduction of the leg at the hip for example when pushing the body forward when running

Answer 13

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Question 14

Gastrocnemius- Pointing the foot downwards when standing on your toes in ballet

Answer 14

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Question 15

Hamstrings- Flexion at the knee for example brining the foot backwards when preparing the kick a football

Answer 15

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Question 16

Antagonistic Muscles work on pairs

Answer 16

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Question 17

Muscles can only do one thing which is pull and to make a joint move in two directions you need two muscles that can pull in opposite directions

Answer 17

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Question 18

Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other

Answer 18

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Question 19

One muscle contracts whist the other muscles relaxes

Answer 19

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Question 20

The muscle that contracts is the agonist

Answer 20

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Question 21

The muscle that relaxes is the antagonist

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Question 22

Each muscle is attached to two bones by tendons

Answer 22

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Question 23

Only one of the bones connected at the joint actually moves

Answer 23

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Question 24

During the antagonistic muscle action other muscles can help the agonist to word properly by stabilising where it attaches the bone that does not move. These muscles are called fixators

Answer 24

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Question 25

When the biceps are flexing at the elbow joint the deltoid and trapezius act as fixators

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Question 26

For the knee and hip movements the abdominals act as fixators the stabilise the body

Answer 26

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Question 27

A lever is a rigid bar that moves around a fixed point when a force is applied to it

Answer 27

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Question 28

The fulcrum is where the lever are pivots and is represented by a triangle

Answer 28

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Question 29

The effort is the force applied by the muscles to the lever arms represented by an arrow in the direction of the force

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Question 30

The load is the pull of the muscles on the lever arm for example the weight of a body part and is represented by a square

Answer 30

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Question 31

Mechanical Advantage= Effort arm/ weight

Answer 31

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Question 32

If a lever provided mechanical advantage it can move a larger load with smaller effort

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Question 33

Sagittal Plane divides the body into left and right sides

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Question 34

Transverse Plane divides the body into top and bottom

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Question 35

Frontal plane divides the body into front and back

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Question 36

Frontal Axis runs through the body from front to back

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Question 37

Transverse axis runs through the body from left to right

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Question 38

Longitudinal Axis runs through the body from top to bottom

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Question 39

Flexion/Extension is Sagittal and transverse an example is running

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Question 40

Abduction/adduction is frontal and frontal for example a cartwheel

Answer 40

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Question 41

Rotation is transverse and longitudinal for example a discuss throw

Answer 41

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