Muscular structure Flashcards
What are the three types of muscles?
Involuntary, voluntary and cardiac muscles.
How does an involuntary muscle act and what is an example?
It operates unconsciously
Example: Internal organs (e.g. Liver)
How does a Cardiac Muscle act and what is an example?
It is always working and works unconsciously
Example: Heart
How does a Voluntary Muscle act and what is an example?
Your body has conscious control
Example: Skeletal/Striped Muscles
What type of muscle is the Intestine & Stomach muscle?
Involuntary
What is the Deltoid’s function?
Raises your arm sideways at the shoulder
What is the Biceps’s function?
Bends your arm at the elbow
What is the Triceps’ function?
Straightens your arm at the elbow joint
What is the Abdominals’ function?
Pulls in the abdomen. Flexes the spine so you can bend forward
What is the Pectorals’ function?
Raises your arm at the shoulder. Draws it across your chest.
What is the Latissimus Dorsi’s function?
Pulls your arm down at the shoulder. Draws it behind your back.
What is the Trapezius’ function?
Holds and rotates your shoulders. Moves your head back and sideways.
What is the Quadricep’s function?
Straightens the leg at the knee. Keeps it straight when you stand.
What is the Hamstrings’ function?
Bends your legs at the knee
What is the Gluteals’ function?
Pulls your leg back at the hip. Raises it sideways at the hip
What is the Gastrocnemius’ function?
Straightens the ankle joint so you can stand on your tiptoes
What attaches muscle to bone?
Tendons
What is the place where the muscles is attached to the stationary bone called?
Origin
What is the place where the muscles is attached to the moving bone called?
Insertion
What are Antagonistic muscles?
Pairs of muscle’s that work against each other
How do Antagonistic pairs work?
As one muscle contracts (agonist/prime mover), the other relaxes (antagonist)
What is an example of an Antagonistic pair?
Hamstrings and Quadriceps
What are fast twitch fibers?
Muscles fatigue faster but are used in powerful bursts of movements
e.g. sprinting
What are slow twitch fibers?
Muscles that help enable long-endurance feats
e.g. long distance running
