muscular skeletal system Flashcards
musculoskeletal system
musculoskeletal system: consists of the skeletal system (bones and joints) and the skeletal muscle system (voluntary or striated muscle). Working together, these two systems protect the internal organs, maintain posture, produce blood cells, store minerals and enable the body to move.
skeletal system
skeletal system: consists of the bones and joints
skeletal muscle system
skeletal muscle system: voluntary or striated muscle
muscular system
The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body
skeleton
skeleton: the bones or shell of an animal that support and protect it as well as allowing movement
bones
bones: the pieces of hard tissue that make up the skeleton of a vertebrate
bone marrow
bone marrow: a substance inside bones in which blood cells are made
Cartilage
cartilage: a waxy, whitish, flexible substance that lines or connects bone joints or, in some animals such as sharks, replaces bone as the supporting skeletal tissue. The ears and tips of noses of people are shaped by cartilage.
calcium
calcium: an element occurring in limestone, chalk, also present in vertebrates and other animals as a component of bone, shell etc. It is necessary for nerve conduction, heartbeat, muscle contraction and many other physiological functions.
phosphorus
phosphorus: a substance that plays an important role in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Together with calcium, it is required by the body to maintain healthy bones and teeth.
minerals
minerals: any of the inorganic elements that are essential to the functioning of the human body and are obtained from foods
ossification
ossification: hardening of bones
brittle
brittle: breaks easily into many pieces
joint
joint: a region where two bones meet
ligaments
ligaments: a band of tough tissue that connects the ends of bones or keeps an organ in place
synovial fluid
synovial fluid: the liquid inside the cavity surrounding a joint that helps bones to slide freely over each other
pivot joint
pivot joint: the joint that allows a twisting movement
hinge joints
hinge joints: joints in which two bones are connected so that movement occurs in one plane only
ball and socket joints
ball and socket joints: joints where the rounded end of one bone fits into the hollow end of another
imovable joints
immovable joints: joints that allow no movement except when absorbing a hard blow
muscles
muscles: tissue consisting of cells that can shorten
involuntary muscles
involuntary muscles: muscles not under the control of the will; they contract slowly and rhythmically. These muscles are at work in the heart, intestines and lungs.
voluntary muscles
voluntary muscles: muscle attached to bones; it moves the bones by contracting and is controlled by an animal’s thoughts
tendons
tendons: tough rope-like tissue connecting a muscle to a bone
greenstick fracture
greenstick fracture: a break that is not completely through the bone, often seen in children
fracture
fracture: a break in a bone
stem cells
stem cells: undeveloped cells found in blood and bone marrow
osteoporosis
osteoporosis: loss of bone mass that causes bones to become lighter, more fragile and easily broken
sprains
sprains: injury caused by tearing a ligament
arthritis
arthritis: a condition in which inflammation of the joints causes them to swell and become painful
tennis elbow
tennis elbow: an injury due to strain or overuse that causes the elbow’s lining to become inflamed and painful
torn hamstrings
torn hamstrings: a common sporting injury caused by overstretching the hamstring muscle, which joins the pelvis to the knee joint
