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Science > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Potential Energy

A

energy that has been charged or under stress and can produce energy from that thing

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2
Q

kinetic energy

A

the energy of movement or moving objects.

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3
Q

conduction

A

conduction: transfer of heat through collisions between particles

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4
Q

insulators

A

insulators: a material that is a poor conductor of heat

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5
Q

convection

A

convection: transfer of heat through the flow of particles

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6
Q

radiant heat

A

radiant heat: heat transferred by radiation, as from the sun to the Earth

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7
Q

nuclear energy

A

nuclear energy: the energy stored at the centre of atoms, the tiny particles that make up all substances. Nuclear energy can be released from the radioactive metals uranium or plutonium, and transformed into electrical energy in a nuclear power station.

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8
Q

movement

A

an act of moving.

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9
Q

chemical energy

A

chemical energy: potential energy derived from chemical reactions

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10
Q

electrical energy

A

electrical energy: the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor

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11
Q

sound

A

vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person’s or animal’s ear.

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12
Q

gravitational energy

A

gravitational potential energy: energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level

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13
Q

light

A

the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes things visible.

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14
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

Law of Conservation of Energy: a law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.

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15
Q

elastic potential energy

A

elastic potential energy: the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material

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16
Q

efficiency

A

efficiency: the fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as a percentage.

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17
Q

reflected

A

reflected: bounced off

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18
Q

transmited

A

transmitted: passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air

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19
Q

absorbed

A

absorbed: taken in

20
Q

radiation

A

radiation: a method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another

21
Q

deciduous

A

deciduous: describes plants that lose their leaves during autumn and winter

22
Q

luminous

A

luminous: releasing its own light

23
Q

incandescent

A

incandescent: describes objects that emit light when they are hot

24
Q

bioluminescent

A

bioluminescent: describes living things that release light energy

25
Q

non-luminous

A

non-luminous: describes objects that do not emit their own light, but can be seen by reflected light

26
Q

scattered

A

scattered: describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance

27
Q

visible spectrum

A

visible spectrum: different colours that combine to make up white light; they are separated in rainbows

28
Q

dispersion

A

dispersion: separation of the colours that make up white light. Each colour is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism.

29
Q

electromagnetic radiation

A

electromagnetic radiation: the radiant energy such as radio waves, infrared, visible light, X-rays and gamma rays released by magnetic or electric fields

30
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

electromagnetic spectrum: complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric and magnetic fields

31
Q

radio waves

A

radio waves: low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

32
Q

infra-red radiation

A

infra-red radiation: low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

33
Q

ultraviolet

A

ultraviolet radiation: invisible radiation similar to light but with a slightly higher frequency and more energy

34
Q

X-rays

A

X-rays: high energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide information about their structure

35
Q

gamma rays

A

gamma rays: high energy electromagnetic radiation produced during the nuclear reaction

36
Q

rays

A

rays: the narrow beam of light

37
Q

concave

A

concave: refers to a lens that is curved inwards

38
Q

convex

A

convex: refers to a lens that is curved outwards

39
Q

focal point

A

focal point: the point where light rays ‘close in’ (converge) towards a point

40
Q

lateral inversion

A

lateral inversion: sideways reversal of images in a mirror

41
Q

refraction

A

refraction: change in the speed of light as it passes from one substance into another. It usually involves a change in direction.

42
Q

normal

A

normal: a line is drawn perpendicular to a surface at the point where a light ray meets it

43
Q

image

A

image: picture of an object

44
Q

retina

A

retina: curved surface at the back of the eye. It is lined with sight receptors.

45
Q

optic nerve

A

optic nerve: large nerve that sends signals to the brain from the sight receptors in the retina

46
Q

cornea

A

cornea: clear, curved outer surface of the eye

Science (10 decks)

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