muscular skeletal system Flashcards
bones at joints
shoulder- scapula, humerus hip- pelvis, femur knee- femur, tibia elbow- radius, humerus ankle- tibia, fibula, talus
flexion
decreasing the angle at the joint
extension
increasing the angle at the joint
abduction
moving a limb away from the midline of the body
adduction
moving a limb towards the midline of the body
horizontal abduction
moving a limb away from the midline of the body at a 90° angle
horizontal adduction
moving a limb towards the midline of the body at a 90° angle
doris flexion
decreasing the angle at the ankle joint
plantar flexion
increasing the angle at the ankle joint
sagittal plane
divides the body into left and right parts
transverse planes
divides body into superior and inferior parts (top and bottom)
frontal plane
divides body into anterior and posterior parts (front and back)
transverse axis
runs from side to side across the body
longitudinal axis
runs from top to bottom
sagittal axis
runs from front to back
plane and axis pairs
sagittal plane, transverse axis
transverse plane, longitudinal axis
frontal plane, sagittal axis
the agonist
the contracting muscle which shortens.
the antagonist
the relaxing muscle, works in opposition.
the origin
the tendon that attaches the muscle to stationary bone.
the insertion
the tendon that attaches to the moving bone.
isometric contraction
where the muscle contracts and stays the same length when the activity is being carried out.
isotonic contractions
a muscular contraction where movement occurs and the agonist muscle changes length.
concentric contraction
this is where the muscle shortens when performing an action.
eccentric contraction
where the muscle lengthens under tension, against gravity, acting as a brake NOT relaxing.
