muscular pathologies

Question 1

difference between strain & tear

Answer 1

strain - stretch/tear fibrils only - muscle still whole

tear - muscle tears and is no longer whole

Question 2

treatment for strain/tear

Answer 2

herbal medicine
acupuncture
homeopathy
nutritional support - anti-inflammatory

Question 3

what is impingement syndrome?

Answer 3

rotator cuff tendons rub/pinch bursae in roof of shoulder

Question 4

causes of impingement syndrome

Answer 4

overuse, arms constantly over head - hairdresser
bone spurs
oddly shaped bones

Question 5

signs/symptoms shoulder impingement

Answer 5

early - general shoulder ache
pain raising arm to front/side, sleeping on shoulder, reaching into back pocket
joint stiffness
catching sensation felt on lowering arm

Question 6

what may indicate the rotator cuff tendons are actually torn?

Answer 6

weakness/inability to raise arm

Question 7

allopathic treatment impingement syndrome

Answer 7

surgery
physio
cortisone injection
anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 8

how many cortisone injections recommended in a lifetime and why?

Answer 8

affects bone density!

3 max!

Question 9

alternative treatment

Answer 9

herbal med
acupucture
homeopathy - arnica
nutritional support - ant-inflammatory

Question 10

Fibromyalgia - what is it

Answer 10

chronic widespread muscular & connective tissue pain
joint stiffness
fatigue

Question 11

criteria for diagnoses of fibromyalgia

Answer 11

pain on palpitation in at least 11 of the 18 points

Question 12

recent investigations into fibromyalgia have discovered it is related to what?

Answer 12

abnormalities in pain processing by the central nervous system

Question 13

suspected triggers for fibromyalgia

Answer 13

stress
trauma
exposure to damp/cold
poor sleep

Question 14

most common in men or women of what age/

Answer 14

women 25-50

Question 15

signs/symptoms fibromyalgia

Answer 15

pain from gentle pressure at specific ‘tender spots’
general tenderness/stiffness muscles etc
debilitating fatigue & difficulty sleeping
difficulty swallowing,
bowel bladder function,
numbness tingling
cognitive dysfunction

Question 16

do all people with fibromyalgia experience all associated symptoms?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

allopathic treatment fibromyalgia

Answer 17

patient education
exercise
medications
self help groups

Question 18

alternative treatment fibromyalgia

Answer 18

acupuncture
herbal medicine
homeopathy
nutritional
malice acid
emotional freedom technique

Question 19

what is muscular dystrophy

Answer 19

group of inherited muscular diseases that weaken/degenerate muscles

Question 20

muscular dystrophy diseases characterised by

Answer 20

defects in muscle proteins
progressive skeletal weakness/atrophy
death of muscle cells/tissue in final stages

Question 21

atrophy means

Answer 21

waste away

Question 22

what is myasthenia gravis

Answer 22

AUTOIMMUNE disease
muscle fatigue/weakness
caused by blockage at neuromuscular junction

Question 23

which muscles are most commonly affected in myasthenia gravis?

Answer 23

muscles of face and neck

Question 24

which sex/age group is myasthenia gravis most common in

Answer 24

women

20-50

Question 25

what happens to the affected muscles in myasthenia gravis

Answer 25

becomes progressively weaker | until ceases to function

Question 26

signs/symptoms myasthenia gravis

Answer 26

difficulty swallowing weakness eye muscles difficulty chewing/talking death may result from failure respiratory muscles

Question 27

allopathic treatment myasthenia gravis

Answer 27

steroidal drugs reduce effects of antibodies

Question 28

alternative treatment myasthenia gravis

Answer 28

herbal - immune modulation acupuncture homepathy nutritional = nerve & muscular function - calcium, magnesium

Question 29

3 types muscular dystrophy

Answer 29

duchenne - most common myotonic - most rare FSHD - fascio scapular humerus distrophy

Question 30

Describe Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 30

boys under 10 progressive atrophy of skeletal, heart, respiratory muscles delayed walking, waddling gait, clumsiness most die <20 respiratory failure

Question 31

Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by absence of ____

Answer 31

DYSTROPHIN - a protein that helps keep muscles intact

Question 32

is duchenne caused by a dominant or recessive gene

Answer 32

x-linked recessive

Question 33

describe myotonic muscular dystrophy

Answer 33

affects both sexes usually young adulthood but can occur at any age irritability & prolonged contraction of muscles leading to atrophy may require wheelchair later life respiratory infections pose great danger

Question 34

key symptoms myotonic muscular dystrophy

Answer 34

``` wasting/weakness in lower legs, hands, neck, face mask-like face premature balding cateracts heart arythmeas ```

Question 35

describe FSHD muscular distrophy

Answer 35

both sexes by age 20 progressive weakening & loss of skeletal muscles normal lifespan - varying degrees disability hearing loss, vision problems, respiratory problems

Question 36

muscles most affected duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 36

external stabiliser muscles

Question 37

muscles most affected myotonic muscular dystrophy

Answer 37

lower legs hands neck face

Question 38

muscles most affected FSHD muscular dystrophy

Answer 38

``` face shoulder girdle upper arms abdominal foot extensor muscles ```

Question 39

key symptoms fshd muscular dystrophy

Answer 39

``` difficulty reaching above shoulder level foot drop scapular winging facial weakness lumbar lordosis ```

Question 40

what is myotonia

Answer 40

prolonged contraction of skeletal muscles