muscular pathologies Flashcards
difference between strain & tear
strain - stretch/tear fibrils only - muscle still whole
tear - muscle tears and is no longer whole
treatment for strain/tear
herbal medicine
acupuncture
homeopathy
nutritional support - anti-inflammatory
what is impingement syndrome?
rotator cuff tendons rub/pinch bursae in roof of shoulder
causes of impingement syndrome
overuse, arms constantly over head - hairdresser
bone spurs
oddly shaped bones
signs/symptoms shoulder impingement
early - general shoulder ache
pain raising arm to front/side, sleeping on shoulder, reaching into back pocket
joint stiffness
catching sensation felt on lowering arm
what may indicate the rotator cuff tendons are actually torn?
weakness/inability to raise arm
allopathic treatment impingement syndrome
surgery
physio
cortisone injection
anti-inflammatory drugs
how many cortisone injections recommended in a lifetime and why?
affects bone density!
3 max!
alternative treatment
herbal med
acupucture
homeopathy - arnica
nutritional support - ant-inflammatory
Fibromyalgia - what is it
chronic widespread muscular & connective tissue pain
joint stiffness
fatigue
criteria for diagnoses of fibromyalgia
pain on palpitation in at least 11 of the 18 points
recent investigations into fibromyalgia have discovered it is related to what?
abnormalities in pain processing by the central nervous system
suspected triggers for fibromyalgia
stress
trauma
exposure to damp/cold
poor sleep
most common in men or women of what age/
women 25-50
signs/symptoms fibromyalgia
pain from gentle pressure at specific ‘tender spots’
general tenderness/stiffness muscles etc
debilitating fatigue & difficulty sleeping
difficulty swallowing,
bowel bladder function,
numbness tingling
cognitive dysfunction
do all people with fibromyalgia experience all associated symptoms?
no
allopathic treatment fibromyalgia
patient education
exercise
medications
self help groups
alternative treatment fibromyalgia
acupuncture herbal medicine homeopathy nutritional malice acid emotional freedom technique
what is muscular dystrophy
group of inherited muscular diseases that weaken/degenerate muscles
muscular dystrophy diseases characterised by
defects in muscle proteins
progressive skeletal weakness/atrophy
death of muscle cells/tissue in final stages
atrophy means
waste away
what is myasthenia gravis
AUTOIMMUNE disease
muscle fatigue/weakness
caused by blockage at neuromuscular junction
which muscles are most commonly affected in myasthenia gravis?
muscles of face and neck
which sex/age group is myasthenia gravis most common in
women
20-50
what happens to the affected muscles in myasthenia gravis
becomes progressively weaker
until ceases to function
signs/symptoms myasthenia gravis
difficulty swallowing
weakness eye muscles
difficulty chewing/talking
death may result from failure respiratory muscles
allopathic treatment myasthenia gravis
steroidal drugs reduce effects of antibodies
alternative treatment myasthenia gravis
herbal - immune modulation
acupuncture
homepathy
nutritional = nerve & muscular function - calcium, magnesium
3 types muscular dystrophy
duchenne - most common
myotonic - most rare
FSHD - fascio scapular humerus distrophy
Describe Duchenne muscular dystrophy
boys under 10
progressive atrophy of skeletal, heart, respiratory muscles
delayed walking, waddling gait, clumsiness
most die <20 respiratory failure
Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by absence of ____
DYSTROPHIN - a protein that helps keep muscles intact
is duchenne caused by a dominant or recessive gene
x-linked recessive
describe myotonic muscular dystrophy
affects both sexes
usually young adulthood but can occur at any age
irritability & prolonged contraction of muscles leading to atrophy
may require wheelchair later life
respiratory infections pose great danger
key symptoms myotonic muscular dystrophy
wasting/weakness in lower legs, hands, neck, face mask-like face premature balding cateracts heart arythmeas
describe FSHD muscular distrophy
both sexes by age 20
progressive weakening & loss of skeletal muscles
normal lifespan - varying degrees disability
hearing loss, vision problems, respiratory problems
muscles most affected duchenne muscular dystrophy
external stabiliser muscles
muscles most affected myotonic muscular dystrophy
lower legs
hands
neck
face
muscles most affected FSHD muscular dystrophy
face shoulder girdle upper arms abdominal foot extensor muscles
key symptoms fshd muscular dystrophy
difficulty reaching above shoulder level foot drop scapular winging facial weakness lumbar lordosis
what is myotonia
prolonged contraction of skeletal muscles
