Muscular Contractions

Question 1

Which of the following is the definition of a concentric muscle contraction?

Answer 1

When a muscle is contracting and its attachments to bone are pulled closer together because of the muscle contraction

Question 2

Which of the following is the definition of a eccentric muscle contraction?

Answer 2

When a muscle is contracting and its attachments to bone are pulled farther apart by an external force or the momentum of a rotating body segment

Question 3

Which of the following is the definition of an isometric muscle contraction?

Answer 3

When a muscle is contracting and its attachments to bone do not move relative to each other

Question 4

Muscles that create joint torques that causes a joint to rotate are functioning in the ___ role?

Answer 4

Agonist (these muscles perform concentric muscular contractions)

Question 5

Muscles that create joint torque that oppose the joint rotation are functioning in the ___ role?

Answer 5

Antagonist

Question 6

Antagonist

Answer 6

-can be used in reference to a joint action
-may also be used in reference to another muscle
oppose joint rotation

Question 7

Muscles that create opposing joint torques in order to keep a joint from rotating are functioning in the ___ role?

Answer 7

Stabilizer (keeps unwanted movement at the joint from occurring)
keeps joint from rotating

Question 8

Muscles that create joint torques that eliminate an undesired joint rotation caused by the agonist muscles are functioning in the ___ role?

Answer 8

Neutralizer

Eliminate undesired joint rotation

Question 9

Neutralizer

Answer 9

-oppose unwanted movement (eg. forearm supination or shoulder flexion)

Question 10

Which of the following muscles is an antagonist to the actions of biceps femoris?

Answer 10

any knee extensor (biceps femoris is a knee flexor)

Question 11

According to the muscle force-length relationship, the ability to generate muscle tension is greatest when a muscle is stretched to which of the following conditions?

Answer 11

Maximum muscle force is also dependent on the length of the muscle

120% of resting length

Question 12

10 According to the muscle force-velocity relationship, which type of muscle contraction creates the largest muscle forces?

Answer 12

Maximum tensile force developed by a muscle is dependent on the velocity of shortening as well as its length

eccentric muscle contractions

Question 13

A muscle in which the muscle fibers and the line of pull of the muscle are in the same direction” is the definition of which of the following types of muscles?

Answer 13

Longitudinal Fiber Orientations

Question 14

To propel yourself into the air for a vertical jump what kind of muscle contraction is used at the hip to speed the body up?

Answer 14

Concentric hip extension torques

Question 15

When landing after a vertical jump what kind of muscle contraction is used at the knee to slow the body down?

Answer 15

Eccentric knee extension torques

Question 16

When when you are running, which of the following muscular contraction(s) can be used to speed you up?

Answer 16

concentric hip extension, knee extenstion, and ankle plantar flexion

Question 17

When riding a bicycle, which of the following muscular contractions can be used to speed the bicycle up?

Answer 17

concentric ankle plantar flexion torque, concentric ankle dorsiflexion torque, concentric knee extension torque, concentric knee flexion torque, concentric hip extension torque, concencentric hip flexion torque

Question 18

When you are performing the front crawl simming technique, which of the following muscular contractions can be used to speed you up?

Answer 18

concentric shoulder adduction torque, concentric elbow flexion torque, concentric elbow extension torque