Muscular

Question 1

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 1

blinking, squinting, draws eyebrows inferiorly

Question 2

Frontalis

Answer 2

raises the eyebrows; wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

Question 3

Zygomaticus

Answer 3

raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling

Question 4

Orbicularis oris

Answer 4

closes lips; purses and protrudes lips; kissing and whistling

Question 5

Buccinator

Answer 5

draws corner of mouth laterally; compresses cheek (as in whistling and sucking)

Question 6

Platysma

Answer 6

helps depress mandible; pulls lower lip back down, i.e., produces downward sag of mouth; tenses skin of neck (e.g. during shaving)

Question 7

Masseter

Answer 7

prime mover of jaw closure; elevates mandible

Question 8

Temporalis

Answer 8

closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible (synergist of masseter)

Question 9

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 9

prime mover of head flexion (simultaneous contraction of both); acting alone each rotates head toward opposite shoulder

Question 10

Erector spinae

Answer 10

prime mover of back extension; acting on one side bend vertebral column to same side

Question 11

External intercoastal

Answer 11

elevates ribs during inspiration (breathing in)

Question 12

Internal intercoastal

Answer 12

draws ribs together during expiration (breathing out)

Question 13

Rectus abdominus

Answer 13

flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column; fix and depress ribs, stabilize pelvis during walking, increase intra-abdominal pressure

Question 14

External oblique

Answer 14

pair flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall increasing intra-abdominal pressure; individually rotate trunk and lateral flexion

Question 15

Internal oblique

Answer 15

pair flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall increasing intra-abdominal pressure; individually rotate trunk and lateral flexion

Question 16

Transverse abdominus

Answer 16

compresses abdominal contents

Question 17

Trapezius

Answer 17

stabilizes, raises, retracts, and rotates scapula; adducts scapula and elevates /depresses scapula

Question 18

Pectoral major

Answer 18

prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially; adducts arm against resistance

Question 19

Latissimus doris

Answer 19

prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm at shoulder; depresses scapula; e.g. striking a blow, hammering, swimming, rowing; also pulls body upward and forward

Question 20

Deltoid

Answer 20

prime mover of arm abduction; antagonist of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi; can flex and medially rotate humerus (syn. of pectoralis major) or extend and laterally rotate arm; active during rhythmic arm swinging movements during walking

Question 21

Triceps brachii

Answer 21

prime mover of forearm extension; may help stabilize shoulder and assist in arm adduction

Question 22

Bicep brachii

Answer 22

flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm; turns the corkscrew and pulls the cork

Question 23

Flexors

Answer 23

powerful flexors of wrist

Question 24

Extensors

Answer 24

Extends wrist

Question 25

Iliopsoas

Answer 25

prime mover for flexing thigh or for flexing trunk on thigh (as in bow)

Question 26

Satorius

Answer 26

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; ‘tailor’s muscle’

Question 27

Adductors

Answer 27

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

Question 28

Rectus femoris

Answer 28

extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

Question 29

Vatus laterus

Answer 29

extends and stabilizes knee

Question 30

Vastus medialis

Answer 30

extends and stabilizes knee

Question 31

Vastus intermedius

Answer 31

Extends knee

Question 32

Gluteal Maximus

Answer 32

major extensor of thigh esp. as in climbing stairs and running; laterally rotates and abducts thigh

Question 33

Gluteal medius

Answer 33

abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; important in walking

Question 34

Biceps femoris

Question 35

Semitendinosus

Answer 35

extends thigh at hip; flexes knee; medially rotates leg

Question 36

Semimembranosus

Answer 36

extends thigh and flexes knee; medially rotates leg

Question 37

Tibilias anterior

Answer 37

prime mover of dorsiflexion; inverts foot

Question 38

Fibularis

Answer 38

plantar flexes and everts foot

Question 39

Gastrocnemius

Answer 39

plantar flexes foot when knee is extended; can flex knee when foot is dorsiflexed

Question 40

Soleus

Answer 40

Plantar flexes foot