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Science part 1 > Muscoskeletal system > Flashcards

Muscoskeletal system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

how many bones does the human skeleton contain

A

206

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2
Q

what are the functions of bones

A

. stabilise + support entire body
. protect internal muscles + organs
. contain bone marrow

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3
Q

what is an example of a flat bone

A

sternum
scapula
cranial bones

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4
Q

what is an example of a long bone

A

humerus
femur
tibia
fibula
radius
ulna
phalanges

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5
Q

what is an example of an irregular bone

A

vertebra
mandible hip bones

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6
Q

what is an example of a short bone

A

tarsal bones (ankle)
carpal bones (wrist)

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7
Q

what is an example of a sesamoid bone

A

patella
kneecap

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8
Q

what is the tubular central shaft called in a long bone

A

diaphysis

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9
Q

what are the expanded ends called in a long bone

A

epiphysis

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10
Q

what is the diaphysis

A

a hollow cylinder surrounding the medullary cavity filled with yellow bone marrow (mostly fat)

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11
Q

what is the epiphysis covered by

A

covered by a cartilage where the epiphysies of adjacent bones meet

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12
Q

what is the spongy bone of epiphysis filled with

A

red bone marrow which produces the red blood cells

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13
Q

what is metaphysis

A

the area in a mature bone where the epiphysis joins the diaphragm

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14
Q

what does the metaphysis include in a growing bone

A

a layer of hyaline cartilage called the epiphyseal place

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15
Q

what is the epiphyseal plate

A

allows bones to grow in length

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16
Q

what is the outer surface of bone covered in

A

periosteum

17
Q

what is the periosteum

A

it isolates the bone from surrounding tissues and plays a role in the growth n repair of bones

18
Q

what is the inner surface of bone called

A

endosteum

19
Q

what are the 2 types of bone tissue

A
  1. compact bone tissue
  2. spongy bone tissue
20
Q

what is compact bone tissue (characteristics and function)

A

is hard and dense bc it has few spaces within its components
forms the outer layer of all bones + constitutes the bulk of the diaphysis of long bones

21
Q

what is compact bone tissue organised into

A

many cylinderal units called osteons

22
Q

what runs through the haversian canal

A

blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels

Science part 1 (12 decks)

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