Muscles unit 2 Flashcards
Iliopsoas: Iliacus attachments
O: Ilium, sacrum, ventral sacrosciatic ligament, tendon of the psoas minor
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
Iliopsoas: Psoas major attachments
O: Last two ribs, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
Quadriceps: Rectus femoris attachments
O: Body of the ilium
I: Tibial tuberosity
Quadriceps: Vastus lateralis attachments
O: Lateral surface of the femur
I: Tibial tuberosity, tendon of the rectus femoris
Quadriceps: Vastus intermedius attachments
O: Cranial surface of the femur
I: Tibial tuberosity
Quadriceps: Vastus medialis attachements
O: Medial surface of the femur
I: Tibial tuberosity, tendon of the rectus femoris, and medial patellar ligament
Tensor fasciae latae attachments
O: Tuber coxae
I: Fascia lata, lateral patellar ligament, cranial border of the tibia
Superficial gluteal attachments (equine only)
O: Tuber coxae, lateral ilium, gluteal fascia
I: Third trochanter of the femur
Middle gluteal attachments
O: Aponeurosis of the longissimus lumborum
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
Accessory gluteal attachments
O: Gluteal surface of the ilium, sacrosciatic ligament, gluteal fascia
I: Trochanteric crest
Deep gluteal attachments
O: Ischiatic spine and adjacent body of ilium
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
Biceps femoris attachments
O: Sacrosciatic ligament, gluteal fascia, ischiatic tuberosity
I: Caudal femur near third trochanter, patella, lateral patellar ligament, cranial border of the tibia, crural fascia, and calcanean tendon
Semitendinosus attachments
O: Ischiatic tuberosity and (in horse only) transverse processes of the first few caudal vertebrae
I: Tibial crest, crural fascia, and calcanean tuber
Semimembranosus attachments
O: Sacrosciatic ligament and ischiatic tuberosity
I: Medial epicondyle of the femur
Adductor attachments
O: Ventral surface of the pubis, ischium, and symphysial tendon
I: Caudal surface of femur and medial epicondyle of the femur
Gracilis attachments
O: Symphysial tendon
I: Medial patellar ligament, medial surface of patella, and (in bovine only) calcanean tuber
Pectineus attachments
O: Prepubic tendon, accessory femoral ligament, and cranial border of the pubis
I: Middle of medial surface of femur
Sartorius attachments
O: Iliac fascia, tendon of the psoas minor
I: Medial patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
Cranial tibial attachments
O: Lateral condyle of the tibia, portion of the tibial tuberosity, and crural fascia
I (Bovine): 1st, 2nd/3rd, and 4th tarsal bones, dorsoproximal surface of the large metatarsal bone
I (Equine): 1st/2nd tarsal bone and dorsoproximal end of the 3rd metatarsal bone
Peroneus tertius attachments
O: Extensor fossa of the femur
I (Equine): Calcaneus, 3rd and 4th tarsal bones, proximal portion of the 3rd metatarsal bone
I (Bovine): 2nd/3rd tarsal bone, proximal end of the large metatarsal bone
Long digital extensor attachments
O: Extensor fossa of the femur
I (Equine): Extensor process of P3, dorsoproximal surface of extremities of P1 and P2
I (Bovine): Extensor process of P3 on Digits 3 and 4
Medial digital extensor attachments (bovine only)
O: Extensor fossa of the femur
I: Proximal extremity of P2 and extensor process of P3 on digit 3.
Short digital extensor attachments
O: Dorsal surface of the talus
I: Long digital extensor tendon at the level of the proximal metatarsus
Peroneus longus attachments (bovine only)
O: Proximal extremity of the fibula and lateral collateral ligament of the stifle
I: 1st tarsal bone
Lateral digital extensor attachments
O: Lateral collateral ligament of the stifle and adjacent tibia/fibula
I (Equine): Tendon of insertion of the long digital extensor
I (Bovine): Base and dorsal surface of P2 on digit 4
Gastrocnemius attachments
O (Equine): Supracondyloid crests of the femur
O (Bovine): Supracondyloid tuberosities and epicondyles of the femur
I: Calcanean tuberosity
Soleus attachments
O: Head of the fibula
I: Tendon of the gastrocnemius
Superficial digital flexor attachments
O: Supracondyloid fossa of the femur
I (Equine): Calcanean tuber and each side of the proximal extremity of P2/distal extremity of P1
O (Equine): Calcanean tuber, plantar aspect of P2 on D3&4
Deep digital flexor attachments
O: Caudal edge and lateral condyle of tibia, lateral border of tibia and fibula, and interosseous ligament
I (Equine): Flexor surface of P3
I (Bovine): Flexor surface of P3 on D3&4
Popliteus attachments
O: Lateral epicondyle of the femur
I: Popliteal surface on caudal surface of the tibia
Suspensory ligament attachments (equine only)
O: Distal row of tarsal bones, proximal extremity of the 3rd metatarsal bone
I: Abaxial surface of proximal sesamoids, tendon of insertion of the long and lateral digital extensors
Iliopsoas: Iliacus action
Flex hip
Iliopsoas: Iliacus innervation
Lumbar
Femoral
Iliopsoas: Psoas major action
Flex hip
Iliopsoas: Psoas major innervation
Lumbar nerve
Femoral nerve
Quadriceps: Rectus femoris action
Extend stifle
Flex hip
Quadriceps: Rectus femoris innervation
Femoral nerve
Quadriceps: Vastus lateralis action
Extend stifle
Quadriceps: Vastus lateralis innervation
Femoral nerve
Quadriceps: Vastus intermedius action
Extend stifle
Quadriceps: Vastus intermedius innervation
Femoral nerve
Quadriceps: Vastus medialis action
Extend stifle
Quadriceps: Vastus medialis innervation
Femoral nerve
Tensor fasciae latae action
Flex hip
Extend stifle
Tensor fasciae latae innervation
Cranial gluteal nerve
Superficial gluteal action (equine only)
Flex hip
Abduct limb
Superficial gluteal innervation (equine only)
Cranial gluteal nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve
Middle gluteal action
Extend hip
Abduct limb
Middle gluteal innervation
Cranial gluteal nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve
Accessory gluteal action
Extend hip
Abduct limb
Accessory gluteal innervation
Cranial gluteal nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve
Deep gluteal action
Abduct limb
Deep gluteal innervation
Cranial gluteal nerve
Biceps femoris action(s)
General : Extend and abduct limb
Cranial part: Extend hip and stifle, abduct limb
Middle part: Extend hip and flex stifle
Caudal part: Extend hock
Biceps femoris innervation
Sciatic nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve
Peroneal nerve
Semitendinosus action
Extend the hip
Extend the hock
Flex the stifle
Semitendinosus innervation
Sciatic nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve (equine only)
Semimembranosus action
Extend the hip
Adduct the limb
Semimembranosus innervation
Sciatic nerve
Adductor action
Adduct limb
Extend hip
Adductor innervation
Obturator nerve
Gracilis action
Adduct limb
Extend the hock (bovine only)
Gracilis innervation
Obturator nerve
Pectineus action
Adduct the limb
Flex the hip
Pectineus innervation
Obturator nerve
Sartorius action
Flex the hip
Adduct the limb
Sartorius innervation
Femoral nerve
Cranial tibial action
Flex hock
Cranial tibial innervation
Peroneal nerve
Peroneus tertius action
Flex hock and extend the stifle
Peroneus tertius innervation
Peroneal nerve
Long digital extensor action
Extend digits
Flex hock
Extend stifle
Long digital extensor innervation
Peroneal nerve
Medial digital extensor action (bovine only)
Extend and abduct digit 3
Flex hock
Extend stifle
Medial digital extensor innervation (bovine only)
Peroneal nerve
Short digital extensor action
Extend digits
Short digital extensor innervation
Peroneal nerve
Peroneus longus action (bovine only)
Flex hock
Peroneus longus innervation (bovine only)
Peroneal nerve
Lateral digital extensor action
Extend digit (D4 in bovine), flex hock
Lateral digital extensor innervation
Peroneal nerve
Gastrocnemius action
Extend the hock and flex the stifle
Gastrocnemius innervation
Tibial nerve
Soleus action
Assist gastrocnemius in extension of hock and flexion of the stifle
Soleus innervation
Tibial nerve
Superficial digital flexor action
Flex digits
Extend the hock
Superficial digital flexor innervation
Tibial nerve
Deep digital flexor action
Flex digits
Extend the hock
Deep digital flexor innervation
Tibial nerve
Popliteus action
Flex stifle
Medially rotate the limb
Popliteus innervation
Tibial nerve
Suspensory ligament action (equine only)
Prevent over-extension of the fetlock
Suspensory ligament innervation (equine only)
Tibial nerve
