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Gross Anatomy '14 > Muscles: Test 2 > Flashcards

Muscles: Test 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Insertion of the Trapezuis

A

Lateral Third of the clavicle
acromion
spine of the scapula

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1
Q

origin of the Trapezuis

A

Medial Third of the superior nuchal line
EOP
nuchal ligament
Spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

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2
Q

innervation of the trapezuis

A

spinal accessory nerve (CV XI)

C3,C4 spinal nerves

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3
Q

Actions of Trapezuis

A

Descending (superior): Elevates
Ascending (inferior): depresses

Middle/all together: retracts scapula, rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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4
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

spinous process of T2-T5 verterbrae

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5
Q

Rhomboid major insertion

A

medial third of the scapula from level of spine to inferior angl

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6
Q

Rhomboid minor origin

A

nuchal ligament,

spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

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7
Q

Rhomboid Minor insertion

A

triangular area of medial end of scapular spine

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8
Q

Rhomboid Innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)

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9
Q

Rhomboid action

A

Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity

fix scapular to thoracic wall

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10
Q

Levator Scapulae origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

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11
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

Medial border of the scapula superior to the root of spine

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12
Q

levator scapulae Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

C3,C4 spinal nerves

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13
Q

levator scapulae actions

A

elevates scapula and tilts gleniod cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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14
Q

Supraspinatus Origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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15
Q

supraspinatus insertion

A

superior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus

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16
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve (C4,C5,C6)

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17
Q

supraspinatus actions

A

initiates and assists deltoid: abduction of should joint

and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

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18
Q

Infraspinatus Origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

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19
Q

infraspinatus Insertion

A

middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)

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21
Q

Infraspinatus actions

A

laterally rotates should joint,

helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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22
Q

Teres Minor origin

A

middle part of lateral border of scapula

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23
Q

teres minor insertion

A

inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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24
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5,C6)

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25
Q

Teres minor action

A

laterally rotates should joint

helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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26
Q

Teres major origin

A

inferior border of scapula and

posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

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27
Q

Teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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28
Q

teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6)

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29
Q

teres major actions

A

adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint

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30
Q

subscapularis origin

A

subscapular fossa of scapula

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31
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

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32
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,C6,C7)

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33
Q

subscapularis actions

A

medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint.

helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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34
Q

Deltoid Origin

A

Lateral third of clavicle
acromion and spine of scapula

same as insertion of trap

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35
Q

Deltoid Insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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36
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5,C6)

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37
Q

Deltoid Actions

A

clavicular (anterior): flexes and medially rotates shoulder joint
Acromial (middle): abducts shoulder joint
Spinal (posterior): extends and laterally rotates shoulder joint

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38
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

spinous processes of inferior six thoracic vertebrae
Thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
inferior 3-4 ribs

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39
Q

Latissimus Dorsi insertion

A

floor of interubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus

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40
Q

Latissimus Dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve

C6,C7,C8 spinal nerves

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41
Q

Latissimus Dorsi actions

A

extends, adducts, and medially rotates should joint

raises body towards arms (climbing)

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42
Q

Pecoralis Major origin

A

Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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43
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus

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44
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves
clavicular head: C5,C6
sternocostal head: C7,C8,T1

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45
Q

Pectoralis minor origin

A

3-5 ribs near their costal cartilage

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46
Q

pectoralis minor insertion

A

medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

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47
Q

pectoralis minor innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve (C8,T1)

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48
Q

Pectoralis minor actions

A

stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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49
Q

Subclavius origin

A

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

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50
Q

subclavius insertion

A

inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

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51
Q

subclavius innervation

A

subclavian nerve (C5,C6)

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52
Q

subclavius actions

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

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53
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

external surfaces of lateral parts of 1-8 ribs

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54
Q

serratus anterior insertion

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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55
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7)

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56
Q

serratus anterior actions

A

protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall.

rotates scapula

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57
Q

sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin

A

lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

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58
Q

sternocleidomastoid insertion

A

sternal head: anterior surfaces of manubrium of sternum

Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle

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59
Q

sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

C2,C3 spinal nerves

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60
Q

sternocliedomastoid actions

A

unilateral contraction: tilts head to same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side.
bilateral contraction: extends head at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium, extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so sin is thrust foward with head kept level.
with cervical vertebrae fixed: elevate manubrium and medial end of clavicles

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61
Q

anterior scalene origin

A

anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae

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62
Q

anterior scalene insertion

A

1st rib

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63
Q

anterior scalene innervation

A

cervical spinal nerves (C4-C6)

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64
Q

anterior scalene action

A

flexes neck laterally, elevates first rib during forced inspiration

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65
Q

middle scalene origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7 vertebrae

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66
Q

middle scalene insertion

A

1st rib

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67
Q

middle scalene innervation

A

anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

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68
Q

middle scalene actions

A

flexes laterally, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

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69
Q

posterior scalene origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6 vertebrae

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70
Q

posterior scalene insertion

A

2nd rib

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71
Q

posterior scalene innervation

A

anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7,C8

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72
Q

posterior scalene actions

A

flexes neck laterally and elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

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73
Q

omohyoid origin

A

superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

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74
Q

omohyoid insertion

A

inferior border of hyoid

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75
Q

omohyoid action

A

depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

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76
Q

Biceps brachii origin

A

short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula

long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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77
Q

biceps brachii insertion

A

tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

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78
Q

biceps brachii innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)

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79
Q

biceps brachii actions

A

supinates forearm and when it is supinated, flexes elbow joint, flexes shoulder joint,
short head resists dislocation of shoulder

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80
Q

coracobrachialis origin

A

tip of coracoid process of scapula

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81
Q

coracobrachialis insertion

A

middle third of medial surface of humerus

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82
Q

coracobrachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve ( C5,C6,C7)

83
Q

coracobrachialis actions

A

helps flex and adduct shoulder joint

resists dislocation of shoulder

84
Q

brachialis origin

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

85
Q

brachialis insertion

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

86
Q

brachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)

87
Q

brachialis actions

A

flexes elbow joint in all positions

88
Q

triceps brachii origin

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

89
Q

triceps brachii insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

90
Q

triceps brachii innervation

A

Radial Nerve (C6,C7,C8)

91
Q

triceps brachii actions

A

Extends elbow joint.

Long head: extends shoulder joint and resists dislocation of the humerus

92
Q

Brachioradialis origin

A

proximal two thirds of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

93
Q

brachioradialis insertion

A

lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

94
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial nerve (C5,C6,C7)

95
Q

brachioradialis action

A

relatively weak flexion of elbow joint

maximal when forearm is in midpronated position

96
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

97
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

98
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

radial nerve (C6,C7)

99
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

extend and abduct wrist joint

100
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

101
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

102
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8)

103
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

extend and abduct wrist joint

active during fist clenching

104
Q

extensor digitorum origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

105
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A

extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers

106
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

107
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

extend wrist joint

extend medial four fingers

108
Q

extensor digiti minimi origin

A

lateral epidondyle of humerus

109
Q

extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

extensor expansion of 5th finger

110
Q

extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

111
Q

extensor digiti minimi action

A

extends wrist joint

extends 5th finger

112
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

posterior border of ulna via a shared aponeurosis

113
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

114
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

115
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

supinates forearm

rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is fixed)

116
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, & interosseous membrane

117
Q

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

A

base of 1st metacarpal

118
Q

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

119
Q

Abductor pollicis longus action

A

extends wrist joint

abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint

120
Q

extensor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane

121
Q

extensor pollicis longus insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

122
Q

extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

123
Q

extensor pollicis longus action

A

extends wrist joint
extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint
extends metacarpophalangela and carpometacarpal joints

124
Q

extensor pollicis brevis origin

A

posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane

125
Q

extensor pollicis brevis insertion

A

doral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

126
Q

extensor pollicis brevis innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

127
Q

extensor pollicis brevis action

A

extends wrist
extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
extends carpometacarpal joint

128
Q

extensor indicis origin

A

posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane

129
Q

extensor indicis insertion

A

extensor expansion of 2nd finger

130
Q

extensor indicis innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)

131
Q

extensor indicis action

A

extends wrist
extends 2nd finger
helps extend hand at wrist

132
Q

Supinator origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus
radial collateral and anular ligaments
supinator fossa
crest of ulna

133
Q

supinator insertion

A

lateral,posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius

134
Q

supinator innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8)

135
Q

supinator action

A

supinates forearm

rotates radius to turn pam anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)

136
Q

pronator teres origin

A

ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna

humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus

137
Q

pronator teres insertion

A

middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius

138
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

median nerve (C6,C7)

139
Q

pronator teres action

A

pronates and flexes forearm

140
Q

flexor carpi radialis origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

141
Q

flexor carpi radialis insertion

A

base of 2nd (3rd) metacarpal

142
Q

flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

median nerve (C6,C7)

143
Q

flexor carpi radialis action

A

flexes and abducts hand at wrist

144
Q

Palmaris longus origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

145
Q

Palmaris longus insertion

A

distal half of flexor retinaculum

palmer aponeurosis

146
Q

Palmaris longus innervation

A

median nerve (C7,C8)

147
Q

Palmaris longus action

A 
flexes hand (at wrist) 
tenses palmar aponeurosis
148
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

humeral and ulnar head

A

olecranon and posterior border of ulna

149
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

pisiform
hook of hamate
5th metacarpal

150
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

ulnar nerve (C7,C8)

151
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

flexes and adducts hand at wrist

152
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis origin

A

humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coranoid process of ulna
radial head: oblique line of radius

153
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

A

shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

154
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

median nerve (C7,C8,T1)

155
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

flexes wrist joint
flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of middle 4 digits
flexes proximal phalanges

156
Q

flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

157
Q

flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

bases of distal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits

158
Q

flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

lateral part of median nerve (C8,T1)

medial part of ulnar nerve ( C8,T1)

159
Q

flexor digitorum profundus action

A

flexes wrist
flexes distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
assists in wrist flexion

160
Q

flexor pollicis longus origin

A

anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

161
Q

flexor pollicis longus insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of thumb

162
Q

flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

anterior interosseous nerve, from median nerve (C8,T1)

163
Q

flexor pollicis longus action

A

flexes wrist

flexes metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of thumb

164
Q

pronator quadratus origin

A

distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna

165
Q

pronator quadratus insertion

A

distal quarter of anterior surface of radius

166
Q

pronator quadratus innervation

A

anterior interosseous nerve, from median nerve (C8,T1). Cx.

167
Q

pronator quadratus action

A

pronates forearm,

deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

168
Q

abductor pollicis brevis origin

A

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

169
Q

abductor pollicis brevis insertion

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

170
Q

abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)

171
Q

abductor pollicis brevis action

A

abducts thumb

helps oppose it

172
Q

flexor pollicis brevis origin

superficial head & deep head

A

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

173
Q

flexor pollicis brevis insertion

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

174
Q

flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

reccurent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)

175
Q

flexor pollicis brevis action

A

flexus thumb

176
Q

opponens pollicis origin

A

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

177
Q

opponens pollicis insertion

A

lateral side of 1st metacarpal

178
Q

opponens pollicis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)

179
Q

opponens pollicis action

A

oppose thumb

it draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates medially

180
Q

abductor digiti minimi origin

A

pisiform

181
Q

abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger

182
Q

abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

183
Q

abductor digiti minimi actions

A

abducts 5th finger

assists flexion of its proximal phalanx

184
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

A

hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

185
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger

186
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

187
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

A

flexes proximal phalanx of 5th finger

188
Q

opponses digiti minimi origin

A

hook of hamate

flexor retinaculum

189
Q

opponses digiti minimi insertion

A

medial border of 5th metacarpal

190
Q

opponses digiti minimi innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

191
Q

opponses digiti minimi action

A

draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it;

bringing 5th finger into opposition with thumb

192
Q

Lumbricals (1 and 2) origin

A

lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

193
Q

Lumbricals (3 and 4) origin

A

medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

194
Q

Lumbricals insertion

A

lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers

195
Q

Lumbricals innervation

A

1 & 2: median nerve (C8,T1)

3 & 4: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

196
Q

Lumbricals action

A

flex metacarpophalangeal joints

extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th fingers

197
Q

dorsal interossei, 1-4 origin

A

adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals

198
Q

dorsal interossei, 1-4 insertion

A

bases of proximal phalanges

extensor expansions of 2nd-4th fingers

199
Q

dorsal interossei, 1-4 innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

200
Q

dorsal interossei, 1-4 action

A

abduct 2nd-4th fingers from axial line

act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

201
Q

palmar interosei (1-3) origin

A

palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals

202
Q

palmar interosei (1-3) insertion

A

bases of proximal phalanges

extensor expansions of 2nd,4th and 5th fingers

203
Q

palmar interosei (1-3) innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

204
Q

palmar interosei (1-3) actions

A

adduct 2nd,4th, and 5th, fingers toward axial line

assists lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

Gross Anatomy '14 (4 decks)

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