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MSK > Muscles of Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Muscles of Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

muscles of the scapula

A
  • trapezius (upper, lower and middle)
  • levator scapula
  • rhomboid major
  • rhomboid minor
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
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2
Q

upper trapezius

OIA

A

O - superior nuchal line, spinous processes of all cervical vertebrae
I - lateral third of clavicle
A- elevate shoulder girdle

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3
Q

middle trapezius

OIA

A

O - borad aponeurosis at T1-T4 spinous processes
I - acromion process
A - retraction of shoulder girdle

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4
Q

lower trapezius

OIA

A 
O - spinous processes of T5-T12
I - scapular spine 
A- superior rotation of scapula
- post tilt of scapula
- upper fibres retract shoulder girdle
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5
Q

levator scapula

OIA

A

O - transverse processes of C1-C4
I - superior angle of scapula
A - inferior rotation scapula

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6
Q

rhomboid major

OI

A

O - spinous processes of T1-T4 vertebrae

I - medial border of scapula (below scapular spine)

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7
Q

actions performed by rhomboid major and minor

A

A - retraction of shoulder girdle

- inferior rotation of scapula

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8
Q

pectoralis minor

OIA

A 
O - 3rd to 5th ribs 
I - coracoid process of scapula
A - protraction of shoulder girdle
- anterior tilt of scapula
- inferior rotation of scapula
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9
Q

serratus anterior

OIA

A

O - 1st through 9th ribs (on lateral side of thorax)
I - deep side of medial border of scapula
A - upper fibres: protraction of shoulder girdle
lower fibres: superior rotation of scapula and posterior tilt of scapula

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10
Q

muscles of the rotator cuff

A
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
  • deltoid * not a rotator cuff muscle
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11
Q

supraspinatus

OIA

A

O - supraspinous fossa
I - greater tubercle of humerus
A - abduction of GH joint

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12
Q

infraspinatus

OIA

A

O - infraspinous fossa
I - greater tubercle of humerus
A - lateral rotation of GH joint

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13
Q

teres minor

OIA

A

O - lateral border of scapula
I - greater tubercle of humerus
A - lateral rotation of GH joint
- assist with extension and adduction of GH joint

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14
Q

subscapularis

OIA

A

O - subscapular fossa of scapula
I - lesser tubercle of humerus
A - medial rotation of GH joint

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15
Q

anterior deltoid

O, A

A

O - lateral third of clavicle
A - abduction of GH joint
- flexion of GH joint
- medial rotation of GH joint

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16
Q

middle deltoid

O, A

A

O - acromion process

A - abduction of GH joint

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17
Q

posterior deltoid

O, A

A

O - scapular spine
A - abduction of GH
- extension of GH
- lateral rotation of GH

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18
Q

insertion of the deltoid

A

deltoid tuberosity on humerus

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19
Q

muscles of the axilla

A

anterior wall: pectoralis major, coracobrachialis

posterior wall: latissimus dorsi, teres major

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20
Q

pectoralis major

OIA

A

O - medial half of clavicle, sternum and 2nd - 6th costal cartilages
I - crest of greater tubercle of humerus
A - cross flexion of GH
- flexion of GH below the 90 degree angle
- extension of GH above 90 degree angle
- medial rotation of GH joint
- adduction of GH joint

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21
Q

actions of coracobrachialis

A

flexion of GH joint

adduction of GH joint

22
Q

latissimus dorsi

OIA

A

O - spinous processes of T7-T12 vertebrae
- thoacolumbar fascia of lumbar vertebrae and sacrum
- posterior third of iliac crest
- inferior angle of scapula
I - floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
A - extension of GH
- medial rotation of GH
- adduction of GH

23
Q

actions of teres major

A

same as latissimus dorsi:

  • extension of GH
  • medial rotation of GH
  • adduction of GH
24
Q

muscles of anterior compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii

brachialis

25
Q

biceps brachii

OIA

A

O - long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head: coracoid process of scapula
I - radial tuberosity
A - flexion of elbow (and supination when flexed)
- flexion of GH joint
- stabilize humeral head during deltoid contraction
long head only - abduction and medial rotation of humerus

26
Q

brachialis actions

A

flexion of elbow

27
Q

muscles of posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

anconeus

28
Q

triceps brachii

OIA

A

O - long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
medial head: posterior surface of superior humerus
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus (inferior to medial head)
I - olecranon process of ulna
A - extension of elbow
- long head: extension and adduction of GH

29
Q

anconeus action

A

extends elbow and tightens its joint capsule

30
Q

superficial anterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • pronator teres
  • flexor carpi radialis
  • palmaris longus
  • flexor digirotum superficialis
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
31
Q

pronator teres

OIA

A 
O - medial epicondyle of humerus
- coronoid process of ulna
I - lateral surface of radius (about halfway down)
A - pronation of RU joints
- some (weak) flexion of elbows
32
Q

flexor carpi radialis

OIA

A

O - medial epicondyle of humerus
I - base of 2nd metacarpal
A - wrist flexion
- radial deviation of wrist

33
Q

palmaris longus

A

A

wrist flexion tightens palmar aponeurosis for grasping things

34
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

OIA

A

O - medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
- anterior border of radius (distal to radial tuberosity)
I - sides of middle phalanges of 2nd - 5th digits
A - flexion of wrist
- flexion of MCP and PIP joints of 2nd-5th digits

35
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

OIA

A 
O - medial epicondyle of humerus
- olecranon process of ulna
I - pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
A - wrist flexion
- ulnar deviation
36
Q

muscles of the deep anterior compartment of forearm

A
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • pronator quadratus
37
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

A

A - flexion of MCP and IP joints of 2nd-5th digits

38
Q

flexor pollicis longus

OIA

A

O - mid anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseus membrane
I - palmar surface of distal phalanx of thumb
A - opposition of thumb
- flexion of MCP and IP joints of thumb

39
Q

pronator quadratus

A

A

A - pronation of RU joint

- stabilizes distal RU joint

40
Q

muscles of the superficial posterior group of the forearm

A
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • extensor digiti minimi
41
Q

extensor digitorum

OIA

A

O - lateral epicondyle of humerus
I - dorsal digital expansion of the 2nd-5th digits
A - wrist extension
- abduction and extension of MCP and IP joints of 5th digit

42
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

A

A - extension of wrist

- ulnar deviation

43
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A

A

A - extension of wrist

  • ulnar deviation
  • abduction and extension of MCP and IP joints of 2nd-5th digits
44
Q

muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • supinator
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor indicis
45
Q

supinator

A

A

A - supinator at RU joint

46
Q

abductor pollicis longus

OIA

A

O - dorsal surfaces of radius and ulna and interosseus membrane
I - base of 1st metacarpal
A - abduction of thumb (carpometacarpal ligament)

47
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

A

A - adduction of thumb

  • extension of MCP and IP joints of thumb
  • radial deviation
48
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

A

A - radial deviation

- extension of MCP and carpometacarpal joints of thumb

49
Q

extensor indicis

A

A

A - extension of MCP and IP joints of 2nd digit

50
Q

muscles of the radial compartment of forearm

A
  • brachioradialis
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
51
Q

bracioradialis

OIA

A

O - lateral surface of distal humerus
I - styloid process of radius
A - elbow flexion
- semipronation at RU joint

52
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus
OIA
and action of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O - lateral surface of distal humerus
I - dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
A - extension of wrist (assists in gripping things)
- radial deviation

MSK (4 decks)

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