Bony Landmarks upper extremity

Question 1

conoid tubercle

Answer 1

located on posterior inferior aspect of the lateral end of the clavicle
A - conoid ligament (inferior surface)

Question 2

trapezoid line

Answer 2

an angled line on the inferior side of lateral clavicle

A - trapezoid ligament

Question 3

spine of scapula

Answer 3

a bony process that runs along the posterior aspect of the scapula from the medial border and ends laterally at the acromion process
I - lower trapezius (superior edge of spine)
O - posterior deltoid (inferior edge of spine)

Question 4

superior angle of scapula

Answer 4

visible from the anterior and posterior, the most superior part of the scapula near the medial border
I - superior part of serratus anterior
I - levator scapula

Question 5

inferior angle of scapula

Answer 5

the most inferior apex of the scapula where medial and lateral borders meet
I - inferior part of serratus anterior
O - scapular portion of latissimus dorsi
O - teres major

Question 6

medial (vertebral) border of scapula

Answer 6

the medial edge of the scapula that has a lip on the posterior side
O - serratus anterior
I - rhomboid major (above scapular spine)
I - rhomboid minor (below scapular spine)

Question 7

lateral border of scapula

Answer 7

lateral edge of scapula that runs at about a 45 degree angle inferiorly to superiorly
O - teres minor

Question 8

acromion process

Answer 8

a process continuing off of the scapular spine on the lateral end of the scapula which turns and points superiorly and anteriorly
A - coraco-acromial ligament
A - acromioclavicular ligament
I - middle trapezius
I - middle deltoid

Question 9

coracoid process

Answer 9

a process on the anterior, superio-lateral aspect of the scapula that curves anteriorly and laterally
A - coraco-acromual ligament
A - coracohumeral ligament
A - trapezoid ligament
A - conoid ligament
I - pectoralis minor
O - biceps brachii short head

Question 10

glenoid fossa

Answer 10

a small flat process on lateral superior aspect of scapula
A - glenoid labrum
A - superior and middle GHL
A - anterior and posterior bands and axillary pouch of inferior GHL

Question 11

greater tuberosity of humerus

Answer 11

the more posteriolateral tuberosity on the proximal end of the humerus
A - coracohumeral ligament
I - supraspinatus
I - infraspinatus
I - teres minor

Question 12

lesser tuberosity of humerus

Answer 12

the more anteriolateral tuberosity on the proximal end of the humerus
A - superior GHL
I - subscapularis

Question 13

bicipital (intertubercular) groove

Answer 13

the groove that runs between the greater and lesser tuberosities on superiolateral portion of the humerus
I - latissimus dorsi and teres major (shared insertion) in floor - middle of the groove

Question 14

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Answer 14

the medial, more prominent process on the distal humerus
O - muscles of superficial ant comp’t of foreamr:
pronator teres, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus
A - MCL elbow

Question 15

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Answer 15

longer bony process on lateral inferior aspect of humerus
A - LCL elbow
O - anconeus
O - extensor carpi radialis brevis, muscles fo sup post comp’t of forearm:
extensor carpi ulnaris , extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi

Question 16

capitulum

Answer 16

the rounded spherical bony process that is towards the lateral edge of the distal portion of the humerus
- articulates with the head of the radius

Question 17

trochlea

Answer 17

bony process on the medial edge of the distal end of humerus: shaped where 2 sides are larger and narrows in the centre
- articulates with the base of the ulna (trochlear notch)

Question 18

radial tuberosity

Answer 18

large oval shaped process on the anterior medial side of the proximal end of the radius
I - biceps brachii

Question 19

ulnar tuberosity

Answer 19

smaller oval shaped process on the anterior proximal aspect of the ulna
I - brachialis

Question 20

coronoid process

Answer 20

hook (ice cream scoop) shaped forward projection on superior proximal end of ulna
- works with olecranon process of ulna to articulate with trochlea of humerus
A - MCL elbow

Question 21

olecranon process

Answer 21

triangle shaped process that extends superiorly from the anterior side of the proximal end of the ulna
- helps form the radio-ulnar joint
I - triceps brachii
I - anconeus
A - MCL elbow (medial side)

Question 22

head of radius

Answer 22

concave, circular proximal end of the radius that articulates with the capitulum on the humerus
- annular ligament wraps around the head of the radius but does not attach to it

Question 23

head of the ulna

Answer 23

smaller, more rounded distal end of the ulna

- ulno-triquetral complex fills the space between the ulnar head and proximal carpal bones

Question 24

styloid process of radius

Answer 24

the continuation of the medial side of the radius on the distal end
A - radial collateral ligament which connects to the scaphoid

Question 25

styloid process of ulna

Answer 25

a continuation of the lateral side of the ulna on the distal end - ulnar styloid process is smaller than the radial styloid process A - ulnotriquetral complex: ulnocollaeral ligament, ulnocarpal disk, and ulnocarpal meniscus homologue

Question 26

hook of hamate

Answer 26

on the anterior side of hamate bone, a hook shaped process that points anteriorly and medially A - flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament) I - flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 27

tubercle of trapezium

Answer 27

on the anterior side of trapezium, an oblong process that runs in line with radius A - flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament)