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Anatomy of the Limbs > Muscles of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q 
TRAPEZIUS: 
Medial attachment
Lateral attachment 
Action (3 parts)
Innervation
A

MA: Superior nuchal line & external occipital protuberance (skull), spinous process of C7-T12

LA: Spine of scapula, lateral 3rd of clavicle and acromion process

Action:

  • Upper; elevate and upwardly rotate scapula
  • Middle; retract scapula
  • Lower; depress and help upwardly rotate scapula

Innervation: C3 & C4

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2
Q 
LEVATOR SCAPULAE 
Superior attachment 
Inferior attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

SA: transverse process of c1-c4

IA: Superior part of vertebral border of scapula

Action: scapula elevator and downward rotator

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C3-C5)

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3
Q 
RHOMBOIDS (maj & min) 
Medial attachment
Inferior attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: Spinous process of C7- T5

LA: vertebral border of scapula

Action: scapula stabilisation, retractor and downward rotator

Innervation: Dorsal scapula nerve C4 & C5

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4
Q 
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
Anterior attachment 
Posterior attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

AA: lateral part of ribs 1-9

PA: costal surface of medial border of scapula

Action: Scapula stabilisation, protraction and upward rotation

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve C5-C7

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5
Q 
SUBCLAVIUS 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: medial part of 1st rib

LA: subclavian groove of inferior surface of clavicle

Action: anchor/depress clavicle

Innervation: subclavian nerve C5 & C6

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6
Q 
PECTORALIS MINOR 
Inferior attachment 
Superior attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

IA: Medial part of ribs 3-5

SA: coracoid process of scapula

Action: scapula stabilisation

Innervation: medial pectoral nerce C8, T1

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7
Q 
DELTOID 
Superior attachment 
Inferior attachment 
Action (3)
Innervation
A

SA: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process and scapula spine

IA: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action:

  • Anterior head: GH flexor
  • Posterior head: GH extensor
  • Collectively: GH abductor

Innervation: Axillary C5 & C6

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8
Q 
SUPRASPINATUS 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: supraspinous fossa

LA: superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus

Action: GH stabiliser and abductor

Innervation: suprascaplar nerve C4-C6

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9
Q 
INFRASPINATUS 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: infraspinatus fossa

LA: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: GH stabilisation and lateral GH rotator

Innervation: suprascapular nerce C5 & C6

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10
Q 
TERES MINOR 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: mid. part of lateral scapula border

LA: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Action: GH stabilisation and lateral rotator

Innervation: axillary nerve C5 & C6

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11
Q 
SUBSCAPULARIS 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: subscapular fossa

LA: lesser tubercle of humerus

Action: GH stabilisation and medial rotator

Innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerve C5-C7

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12
Q 
TERES MAJOR 
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: posterior surface of inferior scapular angle

LA: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: GH adductor and extensor (also medial rotation)

Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve C6 & C7

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13
Q 
PECTORALIS MAJOR 
Medial attachment (2 heads) 
Lateral attachment 
Action (2 heads) 
Innervation
A

MA:

  • Clavicular Head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
  • Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external obliques

LA: lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus

Action:

  • Clavicular head: GH flexor
  • Sternal head: GH extensor if shoulder joint is fixed, lifts trunk with reversed origin
  • Collectively: GH adductor and medial rotator

Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves (clavicular) C5 & C6, (sternal) C7, C8, T1

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14
Q 
LATISSIMUS DORSI
Medial attachment 
Lateral attachment 
Action 
Innervation
A

MA: spinous process of T6- T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and interior 3 or 4 ribs

LA: floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: GH adductor, extensor, medial rotator and lifts trunk with reversed origin

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve C6-C8

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15
Q 
BICEPS BRACHII
Origin (2)
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O:

  • Short: tip of coracoid process
  • Long: supraglenoid tubercle

I: tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm (via bicipital aponeurosis

Action: elbow flexion and forearm supinator

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5 & C6

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16
Q 
BRACHIALIS 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: distal half of anterior humerus

I: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

Action: elbow flexor

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5 & C6

17
Q 
CORACOBRACHIALIS 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: proximal 2/3 of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

I: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

Action: elbow flexion only when forearm is pronated elbow stabiliser in fast movements

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5 & C6

18
Q 
TRICEPS BRACHII
Origin (3) 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O:

  • Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
  • lateral head: posterior surface of humerus
  • Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

I: Proximal end of olecranon fascia on forearm and the olecranon process

Action: elbow extensor

Innervation: radial nerve C6, C7 & C8

19
Q 
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS (FCR) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: base of 2nd metacarpal

Action: flexes wrist, radial deviation

Innervation: median C6, C7

20
Q 
PALMARIS LONGUS (PL)
Origin
Insertion (not bone) 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: flexor retinaculum and palmer aponeurosis

Action: Wrist flexion

Innervation: median C7 & C8

21
Q 
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS (FCU) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: pisiform and hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

Action: wrist flexion, ulnar deviation

Innervation: ulnar C7 & C8

22
Q 
FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS (FDS) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: medial epicondyle, coronoid process, superior half of anterior border of radius

I: middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: flex middle and proximal joints of fingers 2-5

Innervation: median C7, C8 & T1

23
Q 
FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS (FDP) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surface of ulna and interosseus membrane

I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: flex distal joints of fingers 2-5

Innervation: median C8 & T1, ulnar C8 & T1

24
Q 
FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS (FPL) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: anterior surface of radius and interosseus membrane

I: base of distal phalanx of thumb

Action: flex thumb

Innervation: median C8 & T1

25
Q 
EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS AND BREVIS (ECRL and ECRB) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Lateral surpacondular rige of humerus

I: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

Action: extend and radially deviate wrist

Innervation: radial C6, C7 & C8

26
Q 
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM (ED) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I: extensor expansion of digit 2-5

Action: extend digits 2-5

Innervation: radial (post interosseus) C7 & C8

27
Q 
EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI (EDM) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: extensor expansion of 5th digit

Action: extend digit 5

Innervation: radial C7 & C8

28
Q 
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS (ECU) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

I: Dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

Action: wrist extension and ulnar deviation

InnervationL radial (post interosseus) C7 & C8

29
Q 
EXTENSOR INDICES (EI) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseus membrane

I: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit

Action: extend digit 2 and wrist extend

Innervation: radial C7 & C8

30
Q 
ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS (APL)
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius and interosseus membrane

I: base of 1st metacarpal

Action: abduct and extend thumb at CMC

Innervation: radial C7 & C8

31
Q 
EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS (EPB) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseus membrane

I: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Action: extend proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP and CMC

Innervation: radial C7 & C8

32
Q 
EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS (EPL)
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius and interosseus membrane

I: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

Action: extend distal phalanx of thumb at IP, MCP & CMC

Innervation radial C7 & C8

33
Q 
SUPINATOR
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligament, supinator fossa, crest of ulna

I: lateral posterior and anterior surface of proximal 1/3 of radius

Action: supinates forearm

Innervation: deep branch of radial C5 & C6

34
Q 
PRONATOR TERES (superior) 
Origin
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process

I: middle of lateral radius

Action: pronates forearm and flexes elbow

Innervation: median C6 & C7

35
Q

PRONATOR QUADRATUS (deep)
Attachments
Action
Innervation

A

A: distal anterior surface radius and ulna

Action: pronates forearm

Innervation: median C8 & T1

Anatomy of the Limbs (2 decks)

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