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Anatomy of the Limbs > Muscles of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q 
ILIOPSOAS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O:

  • psoas: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
  • iliacus: iliac fossa

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Action: hip flexion and anterior pelvis tilt with reversed origin

Innervation: Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3) and Femoral nerve

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2
Q 
SARTORIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: superior part of medial surface of tibia

Action: hip flexion, adduction and lateral rotation

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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3
Q 
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Sacrum and ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line

I: iliotibial tract gluteal tuberosity on femu

Action: Hip extension

Innervation: Interior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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4
Q 
BICEPS FEMORIS 
Origin (2) 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O:

  • Short head; linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
  • Long head; ischial tuberosity

I: Head of fibula

Action: hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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5
Q 
SEMITENDONOSUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial surface of the superior part of tibia

Action: hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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6
Q 
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Ischial tuberosity

I: posterior part of medial condyle of knee

Action: knee flexion and hip extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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7
Q 
GLUTEUS MEDIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: external surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal line

I: Greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and pelvic stabilisation

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

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8
Q 
GLUTEUS MINIMUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I: greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and pelvic stabilisation

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

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9
Q 
PIRIFORMIS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

I: greater trochanter of femur

Action: hip abduction

Innervation: Anterior rami (S1, S2)

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10
Q 
PECTINEUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: Superior ramus of pubis

I: pectineal line of femur

Action: Hipp adduction

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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11
Q 
ADDUCTOR LONGUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: body of pubis

I: linea apsera

Action: adductor of hip

Innervation: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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12
Q 
ADDUCTOR BREVIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line and linea aspera

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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13
Q 
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: inferior ramus of pubis and ischium and ischial tuberosity

I: long insertion from gluteal tuberosity, down the linea aspera to the adductor tubercle

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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14
Q 
GRACILIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: body of inferior pubic ramus

I: superior part of meidal surface of tibia (via pes anserius)

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3)

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15
Q 
QUADRATUS FEMORIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: intertrochanteric crest

Action: hip lateral rotation and stabilisation

Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

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16
Q 
GEMELLI (superior and inferior) 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation (2)
A

O: ischial spine and tuberosity

I: greater trochanter

Action: hip lateral rotation and stabilisation

Innervation:

  • Superior: nerve to obturator internus
  • Inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris
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17
Q 
OBTURATOR INTERNUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: internal/pelvic surface of obturator foramen

I: greater trochanter

Action: lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

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18
Q 
OBTURATOR EXTERNUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: external surface of obturator foramen

I: trochateric fossa

Action: lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

19
Q 
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: anterior/lateral shaft of femur

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

20
Q 
VASTUS MEDIALIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

21
Q 
VASTUS LATERALIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

22
Q 
RECTUS FEMORIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superor to acetabulum

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: knee extension and hip flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

23
Q 
GASTROCNEMIUS 
Origin (2) 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O:

  • lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral femoral condyle
  • medial head: popliteal surface of femur and superior to medial femoral condyle

I: Calcaneal tendon (tendocalcaneous)

Action: Knee flexion and plantarflextion of the ankle

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

24
Q 
POPLITEUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

I: superoposterior surface of tibia

Action: weak knee flexion

Innervation:

25
Q 
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: lateral border of tibia and interosseus membrane

I: near base of 1st metatarsal

Action: dorsiflexion of the ankle and foot inversion

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

26
Q 
SOLEUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation
A

O: posterior aspect of fibular head

I: Calcaneal tendon (tendocalcaneous)

Action: plantar flexion of the ankle

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

27
Q

EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and extension of hallucis

Innervation: deep fibular nerve

Compartment: Anterior

28
Q

EXTENSOR DIGITORIUM LONGUS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and extension of digits 2-5

Innervation: deep fibular nerve

Compartment: Anterior

29
Q

TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: plantar flexion of ankle and foot inversion

Innervation: Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Compartment: posterior

30
Q

FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: flexion of big toe and weak ankle plantar flexion

Innervation: tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Compartment: posterior

31
Q

FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: flexion of digits 2-5 and weak plantarflextion of ankle

Innervation: tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Compartment: posterior

32
Q

FIBULARIS LONGUS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: Eversion of the foot

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1 & S2)

Compartment: lateral

33
Q

FIBULARUS BREVIS
Action
Innervation
Compartment of the lower leg

A

Action: Eversion of the foot

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1 & S2)

Compartment: Lateral

34
Q

ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: abduction and flexion of 5th digit

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 1st

35
Q

ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: Abduction and flexion of 1st digit

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 1st

36
Q

FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: Flexion of digits 2-5

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 1st

37
Q

QUADRATUS PLANTAE
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: assits flexor digitorum longus

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2. S3)

Layer of foot: 2nd

38
Q

LUMBRICALS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: flex proximal phalanges

Innervation: medial and lateral plantar nerves (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 2nd

39
Q

FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: flex proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 3rd

40
Q

ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: assists transverse arch of the foot and adducts 1st digit

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 3rd

41
Q

FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: flexes proximal phalanx of digits 2-5

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 3rd

42
Q

PLANTAR INTEROSSEI (3)
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: adducts digits 3-5 and flexion of metatarsophalangeal jointfs

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 4th

43
Q

DORSAL INTEROSSEI (4)
Action
Innervation
Layer of foot

A

Action: Abducts digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

Layer of foot: 4th

44
Q 
TENSOR FASCIA LATAE 
Origin
Insertion
Action 
Innervation
A

O: ASIS

I: Iliotibial tract

Action: Abduction and medial rotation of hip

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

Anatomy of the Limbs (2 decks)

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