Muscles of the Lower Limb Flashcards by Aimee Rendell

ILIOPSOAS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

psoas: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
iliacus: iliac fossa

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Action: hip flexion and anterior pelvis tilt with reversed origin

Innervation: Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3) and Femoral nerve

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SARTORIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: superior part of medial surface of tibia

Action: hip flexion, adduction and lateral rotation

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: Sacrum and ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line

I: iliotibial tract gluteal tuberosity on femu

Action: Hip extension

Innervation: Interior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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BICEPS FEMORIS 
Origin (2) 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

Short head; linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Long head; ischial tuberosity

I: Head of fibula

Action: hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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SEMITENDONOSUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial surface of the superior part of tibia

Action: hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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SEMIMEMBRANOSUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: Ischial tuberosity

I: posterior part of medial condyle of knee

Action: knee flexion and hip extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve ( L2, L3, L4)

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GLUTEUS MEDIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: external surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal line

I: Greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and pelvic stabilisation

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

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GLUTEUS MINIMUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I: greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and pelvic stabilisation

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

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PIRIFORMIS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

I: greater trochanter of femur

Action: hip abduction

Innervation: Anterior rami (S1, S2)

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PECTINEUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: Superior ramus of pubis

I: pectineal line of femur

Action: Hipp adduction

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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ADDUCTOR LONGUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: body of pubis

I: linea apsera

Action: adductor of hip

Innervation: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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ADDUCTOR BREVIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line and linea aspera

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: inferior ramus of pubis and ischium and ischial tuberosity

I: long insertion from gluteal tuberosity, down the linea aspera to the adductor tubercle

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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GRACILIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: body of inferior pubic ramus

I: superior part of meidal surface of tibia (via pes anserius)

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3)

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QUADRATUS FEMORIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: ischial tuberosity

I: intertrochanteric crest

Action: hip lateral rotation and stabilisation

Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

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GEMELLI (superior and inferior) 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation (2)

O: ischial spine and tuberosity

I: greater trochanter

Action: hip lateral rotation and stabilisation

Innervation:

Superior: nerve to obturator internus
Inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris

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OBTURATOR INTERNUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: internal/pelvic surface of obturator foramen

I: greater trochanter

Action: lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

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OBTURATOR EXTERNUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: external surface of obturator foramen

I: trochateric fossa

Action: lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: anterior/lateral shaft of femur

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

VASTUS MEDIALIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

VASTUS LATERALIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

RECTUS FEMORIS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superor to acetabulum

I: patella via quadriceps tendon

Action: knee extension and hip flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

GASTROCNEMIUS 
Origin (2) 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral femoral condyle
medial head: popliteal surface of femur and superior to medial femoral condyle

I: Calcaneal tendon (tendocalcaneous)

Action: Knee flexion and plantarflextion of the ankle

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

POPLITEUS 
Origin 
Insertion 
Action 
Innervation

O: lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

I: superoposterior surface of tibia

Action: weak knee flexion

Innervation:

``` TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Origin Insertion Action Innervation ```

O: lateral border of tibia and interosseus membrane I: near base of 1st metatarsal Action: dorsiflexion of the ankle and foot inversion Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

``` SOLEUS Origin Insertion Action Innervation ```

O: posterior aspect of fibular head I: Calcaneal tendon (tendocalcaneous) Action: plantar flexion of the ankle Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and extension of hallucis Innervation: deep fibular nerve Compartment: Anterior

EXTENSOR DIGITORIUM LONGUS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and extension of digits 2-5 Innervation: deep fibular nerve Compartment: Anterior

TIBIALIS POSTERIOR Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: plantar flexion of ankle and foot inversion Innervation: Tibial nerve (L4, L5) Compartment: posterior

FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: flexion of big toe and weak ankle plantar flexion Innervation: tibial nerve (L4, L5) Compartment: posterior

FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: flexion of digits 2-5 and weak plantarflextion of ankle Innervation: tibial nerve (L4, L5) Compartment: posterior

FIBULARIS LONGUS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: Eversion of the foot Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1 & S2) Compartment: lateral

FIBULARUS BREVIS Action Innervation Compartment of the lower leg

Action: Eversion of the foot Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1 & S2) Compartment: Lateral

ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: abduction and flexion of 5th digit Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 1st

ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: Abduction and flexion of 1st digit Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 1st

FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: Flexion of digits 2-5 Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 1st

QUADRATUS PLANTAE Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: assits flexor digitorum longus Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2. S3) Layer of foot: 2nd

LUMBRICALS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: flex proximal phalanges Innervation: medial and lateral plantar nerves (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 2nd

FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: flex proximal phalanx of 1st digit Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 3rd

ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: assists transverse arch of the foot and adducts 1st digit Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 3rd

FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: flexes proximal phalanx of digits 2-5 Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 3rd

PLANTAR INTEROSSEI (3) Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: adducts digits 3-5 and flexion of metatarsophalangeal jointfs Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 4th

DORSAL INTEROSSEI (4) Action Innervation Layer of foot

Action: Abducts digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3) Layer of foot: 4th

``` TENSOR FASCIA LATAE Origin Insertion Action Innervation ```

O: ASIS I: Iliotibial tract Action: Abduction and medial rotation of hip Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)