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Anatomy o/i/f > Muscles of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Deltoid

A

O: lateral one-third of the clavicle, acromion, the lower lip of the crest of the spine of the scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
F: abducts arm; anterior fibers flex; medially rotate the arm; posterior fibers extend; laterally rotate the arm

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2
Q

Teres minor

A

O: upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the scapula
I: greater tubercle of the humerus (lowest facet)
F: laterally rotates the arm

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3
Q

Teres major

A

O: dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
I: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
F: adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm, assists in arm extension

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4
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of the humerus (highest facet)
F: abducts the arm (initiates abduction)

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5
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: infraspinous fossa
F: greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet)
F: laterally rotates the arm

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6
Q

Subscapularis

A

O: medial two-thirds of the costal surface of the scapula (subscapular fossa)
O: lesser tubercle of the humerus
F: medially rotates the arm; assists extention of the arm

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7
Q

Abductor digiti minimi (hand)

A

O: pisiform
I: base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit on its ulnar side
F: abducts the 5th digit

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8
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

O: flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
I: base of the proximal phalanx of the first digit
F: abducts thumb

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8
Q

Biceps brachii

A

O: short head: tip of the coracoid process of the scapula; long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
I: tuberosity of the radius
F: flexes the forearm, flexes arm (long head), supinates

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9
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

O: coracoid process of the scapula
I: medial side of the humerus at mid-shaft
F: flexes and adducts the arm

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10
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

O: middle one-third of the posterior surface of the radius, interosseous membrane, mid-portion of posterolateral ulna
I: radial side of the base of the first metacarpal
F: abducts the thumb at carpometacarpal joint

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10
Q

Brachialis

A

O: anterior surface of the lower one-half of the humerus and the associated intermuscular septa
I: coronoid process of the ulna and ulnar tuberosity
F: flexes the forearm

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12
Q

Adductor pollicis

A

O: oblique head: capitate and base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals; transverse head: shaft of the 3rd metacarpal
I: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
F: adducts the thumb

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13
Q

Anconeus

A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: lateral side of the olecranon and the upper one-fourth of the ulna
F: extends the forearm

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14
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: upper two-thirds of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I: lateral side of the base of the styloid process of the radius
F: flexes the elbow, assists in pronation; supination

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15
Q

Dorsal interosseous (hand)

A

O: four muscles, each arising from two adjacent metacarpal shafts
I: base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the 2nd digit, lateral & medial sides of the 3rd digit, and medial side of the 4th digit
F: flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4, abduct digits 2-4 (abduction of digits in the hand is defined as movement away from the midline of the 3rd digit)

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16
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O: common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle of humerus)
I: dorsum of the third metacarpal bone (base)
F: extends the wrist; abducts the hand

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17
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

O: lower one-third of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I: dorsum of the second metacarpal bone (base)
F: extends the wrist; abducts the hand

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18
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

O: common extensor tendon; the middle one-half of the posterior border of the ulna
I: medial side of the base of the 5th metacarpal
F: extends the wrist; adducts the hand

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19
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

O: common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle of the humerus)
I: joins the extensor digitorum tendon to the 5th digit and inserts into the extensor expansion
F: extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 5th digit

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20
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

O: common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle of the humerus)
I: extensor expansion of digits 2-5
F: extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 2nd-5th digits; extends wrist

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21
Q

Extensor indicis

A

O: interosseous membrane and the posterolateral surface of the distal ulna
I: its tendon joins the tendon of the extensor digitorum to the second digit; both tendons insert into the extensor expansion
F: extends the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints

22
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

O: interosseous membrane and the posterior surface of the distal radius
I: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
F: extends the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint

23
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

O: interosseous membrane and middle part of the posterolateral surface of the ulna
I: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
F: extends the thumb at the interphalangeal joint

24
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

O: common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: base of the second and third metacarpals
F: flexes the wrist, abducts the hand

25
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

O: common flexor tendon(medial epicondyle); (ulnar head) from medial border of olecranon; upper 2/3 of the posterior border of the ulna
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
F: flexes wrist, adducts hand

26
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand)

A

O: hook of hamate & the flexor retinaculum
I: proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
F: flexes the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the 5th digit

27
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

O: anterior surface of the ulna, proximal two-thirds of medial border of ulna, interosseous membrane
I: base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints

28
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

O: humeroulnar head: common flexor tendon; radial head: anterior oblique line of radius (middle 1/3 of radius)
I: shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

29
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

O: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
I: proximal phalanx of the 1st digit
F: flexes the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb

30
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

O: anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb

31
Q

Interosseous dorsal (hand)

A

O: four muscles, each arising from two adjacent metacarpal shafts
I: base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the 2nd digit, lateral & medial sides of the 3rd digit, and medial side of the 4th digit
F: flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4, abduct digits 2-4 (abduction of digits in the hand is defined as movement away from the midline of the 3rd digit)

32
Q

Interosseous, palmar

A

O: four muscles, arising from the palmar surface of the shafts of metacarpals 1, 2, 4, & 5 (the 1st palmar interosseous is often fused with the adductor pollicis m.)
I: base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digits 1 & 2, and lateral side of digits 4 & 5
F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal, extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and adducts digits 1, 2, 4, & 5 (adduction of the digits of the hand is in reference to the midline of the 3rd digit)

33
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

O: vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs, sometimes from the inferior angle of the scapula
I: floor of the intertubercular groove
F: extends the arm and rotates the arm medially

34
Q

Levator scapulae

A

O: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
I: medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the spine
F: elevates the scapula

35
Q

Lumbrical ( hand)

A

O: flexor digitorum profundus tendons of digits 2-5
I: extensor expansion on the radial side of the proximal phalanx of digits 2-5
F: flex the metacarpophalangeal joints, extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5

36
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

O: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: shaft of 5th metacarpal
F: opposes the 5th digit

37
Q

Opponens pollicis

A

O: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
I: shaft of 1st metacarpal
F: opposes the thumb

38
Q

Palmar interosseous

A

O: four muscles, arising from the palmar surface of the shafts of metacarpals 1, 2, 4, & 5 (the 1st palmar interosseous is often fused with the adductor pollicis m.)
I: base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digits 1 & 2, and lateral side of digits 4 & 5
F: flexes the metacarpophalangeal, extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and adducts digits 1, 2, 4, & 5 (adduction of the digits of the hand is in reference to the midline of the 3rd digit)

39
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

O: fascia overlying the hypothenar eminence
I: skin of the palm near the ulnar border of the hand
F: draws the skin of the ulnar side of the hand toward the center of the palm

40
Q

Palmaris longus

A

O: common flexor tendon, from the medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: palmar aponeurosis
F: flexes the wrist

41
Q

Pectoralis major

A

O: medial 1/2 of the clavicle, manubrium & body of sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6, sometimes from the rectus sheath of the upper abdominal wall
I: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
F: flexes and adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm

42
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of the scapula
F: draws the scapula forward, medialward, and downward

43
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

O: medial side of the anterior surface of the ulna
I: anterior surface of the radius
F: pronates the forearm

44
Q

Pronator teres

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of the ulna
I: mid point of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius
F: pronates the forearm

45
Q

Rhomboideus major

A

O: spines of vertebrae T2-T5
I: medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula
F: retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly

46
Q

Rhomboideus minor

A

O: inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1
I: medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula
F: retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly

47
Q

Serratus anterior

A

O: ribs 1-8 or 9
I: medial border of the scapula on its costal (deep) surface
F: it draws the scapula forward; the inferior fibers rotate the scapula superiorly

48
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

O: thoracolumbar fascia, spines of vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2
I: ribs 9-12, lateral to the angles
F: pulls down lower ribs

49
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

O: ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1-T3
I: ribs 1-4, lateral to the angles
F: elevates the upper ribs

50
Q

Subclavius

A

O: first rib and its cartilage
I: inferior surface of the clavicle
F: draws the clavicle (and hence the shoulder) down and forward

52
Q

Supinator

A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, supinator crest; fossa of the ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament
I: lateral side of proximal one-third of the radius
F: supinates the forearm

53
Q

Trapezius

A

O: medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12
I: lateral third of the clavicle, medial side of the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine, tubercle of the scapular spine
F: elevates and depresses the scapula (depending on which part of the muscle contracts); rotates the scapula superiorly; retracts scapula

54
Q

Triceps brachii

A

O: long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; lateral head: posterolateral humerus; lateral intermuscular septum;
medial head: posteromedial surface of the inferior 1/2 of the humerus
I: olecranon process of the ulna
F: extends the forearm; the long head extends and adducts arm

Anatomy o/i/f (3 decks)

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