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Lower Limbs > Muscles Of The Thigh > Flashcards

Muscles Of The Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus
Illiopsoas

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2
Q

Divisions of muscles of the thigh

A

Anterior or extensor muscles
Medial or adductor
Posterior or flexor

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3
Q

Innervation of anterior thigh muscles

A

Femoral nerves

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4
Q

Innervation of medial group

A

Obturator nerve

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5
Q

Innervation of posterior group

A

Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

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6
Q

Largest portion of thigh muscle

A

Anterior part

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7
Q

What is the flat quadrangular muscle

A

Pectineus muscle

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8
Q

Location of pectineus muscle

A

Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh

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9
Q

Location of pectineus muscle

A

Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh

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10
Q

Layers of pectineus muscle

A

Superficial and deep layer, innervated by 2 different nerves

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11
Q

Actions of pectineus

A

Adducts
Flexes
Assists in medial rotation

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12
Q

What is the most powerful flexor of the thigh
And chief flexor of the hip

A

Illiopsoas

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13
Q

Parts of the illiopsoas

A

The broad lateral illiacus
It’s long medial psoas major

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14
Q

Origination of illiacus

A

Illiac fossa

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15
Q

Origination of psoas

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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16
Q

Attachment of illiopsoas

A

Vertebra column
Pelvis
Femur

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17
Q

Another name for deep fascia of the thigh is

A

Fascia lata

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18
Q

Where does the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall fuse with the fascia lata

A

Below the inguinal ligament, at the skin crease of the hip joint

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19
Q

Attachment of the fascia lata

A

Inguinal ligament
Bony margin of the pelvis
Tibial condyles
Head of fibula
Patella

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20
Q

Describe the 3 fascia septa

A

They pass from the deep surface, to insert onto the linea aspera of the femur , dividing the thigh into 3 compartments.

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21
Q

Laterally the fascia lata condenses to what

A

Illiotibial tract

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22
Q

The illiotibial tract attached above to what

A

Illiac crest

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23
Q

Illiotibial tract receives insertion for which muscles

A

Tensor fascia lata
Gluteus Maximus

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24
Q

Insertion of illiotibial tract

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia

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25
Q

What is the saphenous opening

A

It is a gap in the deep fascia, filled with loose connective tissue at cribiform fascia

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26
Q

What pierces the cribiform fascia to drain into the femoral vein

A

The great saphenous vein

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27
Q

Structures that are transmitted through the saphenous opening

A

Superficial branches of the femoral artery and lymphatics

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28
Q

Proximal attachment of pectineus

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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29
Q

Distal attachment

A

Pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter

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30
Q

Innervation of pectineus muscle

A

Femoral nerve
L2,L3

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31
Q

Which muscle is relatively hidden

A

Iliopsoas
Most of its mass is located in the posterior wall of the abdomen and greater pelvis

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32
Q

Another name for sartorius muscle is what

A

Tailors muscle

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33
Q

Sartorius passes lateral to medial

A

Across the superioanterior part of thigh

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34
Q

Course of sartorius muscle

A

Lies superficial in the anterior component, , within it’s own fascia sheath, it descends inferiorly as far as the medial side of the knee

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35
Q

Sartorius acts across how many joints

A

2 joints
Flexes the hip joint and participated in flexion of the knee joint

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36
Q

Action of sartorius muscle

A

Weakly abducts the thigh
Laterally rotates it
It’s action bring the lower limbs into a cross legged sitting position

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37
Q

What muscle forms the main bulk of the anterior thigh

A

The quadriceps femoris

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38
Q

Muscles that makes up the quadriceps

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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39
Q

What muscle is the chief extensor of the leg

A

Quadriceps femoris

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40
Q

Antagonist muscle group of the quadriceps

A

Is the hamstring muscle, the quadriceps is 3 times stronger

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41
Q

The tendons of the quadriceps unite in the distal part of the thigh to form what

A

A single strong broad quadriceps tendon

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42
Q

What is continuation of the quadriceps tendon

A

Patellar ligament ( the patella is embedded in it)

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43
Q

Distally the patella ligament is attached to what

A

Tibial tuberosity

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44
Q

Explain the medial and lateral patella retinacula

A

The medial and lateral vasti muscles attach independently to the patella and forms this aponeurosis

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45
Q

Another name for rectus is what

A

Straight, the muscle runs straight down

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46
Q

The rectus muscle attaches to the hipbone and tibia via what

A

Patella ligament

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47
Q

Actions of the rectus

A

Flexing the thigh at the hip joint
Extending the leg at the knee joint

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48
Q

What part of the quadriceps crosses the hip joint

A

The rectus

49
Q

The articular genu/ articular muscle of the knee is a derivative of what

A

Vastus intermedius

50
Q

Course of articularis genu

A

It usually consists of a variable number of muscular slips that attaches superiorly to the inferior part of anterior aspect of femur and inferiorly to the synovial membrane of the knee joint and the wall of the suprapatellar bursa

51
Q

Action of the articularis genu muscle

A

It pulls the synnovial membrane superiorly during extension of the leg, preventing folds of the membrane from being compressed between the patella and femur within the knee joint

52
Q

Proximal attachment of sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Superior part of notch inferior to it

53
Q

Distal attachment of sartorius

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

54
Q

Proximal attachment of illiacus

A

Iliac crest
Iliac fossa
Ala of sacrum
Anterior sacro iliac ligament

55
Q

Distal attachment of illiacus

A

Tendon of psoas major
Lesser trochanter
Femur distal to it

56
Q

Proximal attachment of psoas major and psoas minor

A

Psoas major
Sides of T12_L5 vertebrae abs disc between them, transverse process of all lumbar vertebrae.

Psoas minor
Sides of T12_L1 vertebrae and iv discs

57
Q

Distal attachment of psoas major

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

58
Q

Distal attachment of psoas minor

A

Pectineal line and iliopubic eminence via iliopectineal arch

59
Q

Actions of sartorius

A

Flexes
Abducts
Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Flexes leg at knee joint

60
Q

Actions of illiopsoas

A

Flexes thigh at hip joint
Stabilizes hip joint

61
Q

Proximal attachment of rectus femoris

A

Anterior inferiorly iliac spine
Ilium superior to acebtabulum

62
Q

Proximal attachment of vastus lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

63
Q

Proximal attachment of vastus medialis

A

Medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Inter trochanteric line

64
Q

Proximal attachment of vastus intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

65
Q

Distal attachment of quadriceps

A

Via quadriceps tendon
Independent attachment to base of patellar
Indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.

66
Q

Medial thigh muscles

A

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus

67
Q

Describe the adductor longus

A

It is a large , fan shaped muscle
It is the most anteriorly placed

68
Q

Which muscle is a short adductor

A

The adductor brevis

69
Q

Where does the adductor brevis lie

A

It lies deep to the pectineus and adductor longus

70
Q

The obturator nerve emerges from where

A

The obturator canal to enter the medial compartment of the thigh, it splits into an anterior and posterior division

71
Q

The 2 divisions of the obturator nerve pass where

A

Anterior and posterior to the adductor brevis

72
Q

Properties of the adductor magnus

A

It is the largest
Most powerful
And most posterior of the adductor magnus

73
Q

Shape of the adductor magnus

A

It is a fan shaped muscle

74
Q

Describe the medial margin of the adductor magnus

A

It is thick
And has an adductor part and a hamstring part

75
Q

Describe the gracilis muscle

A

It is a long strap like muscle

76
Q

Which muscle is the most medial of the thigh muscles

A

Gracilis

77
Q

Most superficial adductor muscle

A

Gracilis

78
Q

Weakest adductor muscle

A

Gracilis

79
Q

Which adductor muscle crosses the hip and knee joint

A

The gracilis

80
Q

What other muscles does the gracilis join with

A

It joins with two other 2 joint muscles, called semi tendinous and sartorius

81
Q

The common tendinous insertion of the 3 two joint muscle is what

A

The pes anserinus otherwise known as the goose foot) into the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

82
Q

Actions of per anersium muscles

A

Add stability to the medial part of extended knee

83
Q

Describe the obturator externus

A

It is a flat , small, fan shaped muscle
Placed in the superiomedial part of the thigh

84
Q

Adductor hiatus

A

It is an opening or apperture between, the aponeurotic distal attachment of the adductor part of the adductor magnus and the tendinous distal attachment of the hamstring part

85
Q

Functions of the adductor hiatus

A

It transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa posterior to the knee

86
Q

Location of opening of adductor hiatus

A

It is located just lateral and superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur

87
Q

Proximal attachment of adductor longus

A

Body of pubis
Inferior to pubic crest

88
Q

Proximal attachment of adductor brevis

A

Body of pubis
Inferior ramus of pubis

89
Q

Proximal attachment of adductor magnus

A

Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity

90
Q

Proximal attachment of gracilis

A

Body and infer ramus of pubis

91
Q

Proximal attachment of obturator externus

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

92
Q

Distal attachment of adductor longus

A

Middle third of linea aspera of femur

93
Q

Distal attachment of adductor brevis

A

Pectineal line
and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

94
Q

Distal attachment of adductor part of magnus

A

Gluteal tuberosity
Linea aspera
Medial supracondylar line

95
Q

Distal attachment of hamstring of adductor magnus

A

Adductor tubercle of femur

96
Q

Distal attachment of gracilis

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

97
Q

Distal attachment of obturator externus

A

Trochanteric fossa of femur

98
Q

Functions of adductor longus

A

Adducts thigh

99
Q

Functions of adductor brevis

A

Adducts thigh
Flexes it to some extent

100
Q

Functions of adductor magnus

A

Adducts thigh
Adductor part: flexes thigh
Hamstring part: extends thigh

101
Q

Functions of gracilis

A

Adducts thigh
Flexes leg, medial rotates legs

102
Q

Functions of obturator externus

A

Laterally rotates thigh
Steadies head of femur in acetabulum

103
Q

Innervation of adductor magnus

A

Adductor part
Obturator nerve (L2,L3 , L4)

Hamstring part
Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

104
Q

Innervation of adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve and branch of anterior division
L2, L3 ,L4

105
Q

All anterior muscles are supplied by the femoral nerve except

A

Psoas major

106
Q

The skin of the gluteal region is richly innervated by

A

Superior
Middle and inferior clunial nerves

107
Q

Muscles of the posterior thigh

A

Semi tendinous
Semi membranous
Biceps femoris

108
Q

Another name for posterior thigh muscle is

A

Hamstring muscle

109
Q

Proximal attachment of semi tendinous and semi membranous

A

Ischial tuberosity

110
Q

Distal attachment of semi tendinous

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

111
Q

Distal attachment of semi membranous

A

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

112
Q

Innervation of semi tendinous and semi membranous

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia
L5,S1,S2

113
Q

Functions of semi tendinous and semi membranous

A

Extends thigh
Flexes leg
Medially rotates the leg when knee is flexed

114
Q

Proximal attachment of biceps femoris

A

Long head. Ischial tuberosity
Short head linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

115
Q

Distal attachment of biceps femoris

A

Lateral side of head of fibula

116
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris

A

Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve
L5,S1,S2.

117
Q

Functions of biceps femoris

A

Flexes legs and laterally rotates it when knee is flexed
Extends thigh

118
Q

Deep fascia of the thigh is called

A

Fascia lata

119
Q

The fascia lata is thicker on which side

A

The lateral side and it is called the illiotibial band

Lower Limbs (6 decks)

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