Muscles Of The Thigh Flashcards
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh
Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus
Illiopsoas
Divisions of muscles of the thigh
Anterior or extensor muscles
Medial or adductor
Posterior or flexor
Innervation of anterior thigh muscles
Femoral nerves
Innervation of medial group
Obturator nerve
Innervation of posterior group
Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
Largest portion of thigh muscle
Anterior part
What is the flat quadrangular muscle
Pectineus muscle
Location of pectineus muscle
Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh
Location of pectineus muscle
Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh
Layers of pectineus muscle
Superficial and deep layer, innervated by 2 different nerves
Actions of pectineus
Adducts
Flexes
Assists in medial rotation
What is the most powerful flexor of the thigh
And chief flexor of the hip
Illiopsoas
Parts of the illiopsoas
The broad lateral illiacus
It’s long medial psoas major
Origination of illiacus
Illiac fossa
Origination of psoas
Lumbar vertebrae
Attachment of illiopsoas
Vertebra column
Pelvis
Femur
Another name for deep fascia of the thigh is
Fascia lata
Where does the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall fuse with the fascia lata
Below the inguinal ligament, at the skin crease of the hip joint
Attachment of the fascia lata
Inguinal ligament
Bony margin of the pelvis
Tibial condyles
Head of fibula
Patella
Describe the 3 fascia septa
They pass from the deep surface, to insert onto the linea aspera of the femur , dividing the thigh into 3 compartments.
Laterally the fascia lata condenses to what
Illiotibial tract
The illiotibial tract attached above to what
Illiac crest
Illiotibial tract receives insertion for which muscles
Tensor fascia lata
Gluteus Maximus
Insertion of illiotibial tract
Lateral condyle of the tibia
What is the saphenous opening
It is a gap in the deep fascia, filled with loose connective tissue at cribiform fascia
What pierces the cribiform fascia to drain into the femoral vein
The great saphenous vein
Structures that are transmitted through the saphenous opening
Superficial branches of the femoral artery and lymphatics
Proximal attachment of pectineus
Superior ramus of pubis
Distal attachment
Pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
Innervation of pectineus muscle
Femoral nerve
L2,L3
Which muscle is relatively hidden
Iliopsoas
Most of its mass is located in the posterior wall of the abdomen and greater pelvis
Another name for sartorius muscle is what
Tailors muscle
Sartorius passes lateral to medial
Across the superioanterior part of thigh
Course of sartorius muscle
Lies superficial in the anterior component, , within it’s own fascia sheath, it descends inferiorly as far as the medial side of the knee
Sartorius acts across how many joints
2 joints
Flexes the hip joint and participated in flexion of the knee joint
Action of sartorius muscle
Weakly abducts the thigh
Laterally rotates it
It’s action bring the lower limbs into a cross legged sitting position
What muscle forms the main bulk of the anterior thigh
The quadriceps femoris
Muscles that makes up the quadriceps
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
What muscle is the chief extensor of the leg
Quadriceps femoris
Antagonist muscle group of the quadriceps
Is the hamstring muscle, the quadriceps is 3 times stronger
The tendons of the quadriceps unite in the distal part of the thigh to form what
A single strong broad quadriceps tendon
What is continuation of the quadriceps tendon
Patellar ligament ( the patella is embedded in it)
Distally the patella ligament is attached to what
Tibial tuberosity
Explain the medial and lateral patella retinacula
The medial and lateral vasti muscles attach independently to the patella and forms this aponeurosis
Another name for rectus is what
Straight, the muscle runs straight down
The rectus muscle attaches to the hipbone and tibia via what
Patella ligament
Actions of the rectus
Flexing the thigh at the hip joint
Extending the leg at the knee joint
What part of the quadriceps crosses the hip joint
The rectus
The articular genu/ articular muscle of the knee is a derivative of what
Vastus intermedius
Course of articularis genu
It usually consists of a variable number of muscular slips that attaches superiorly to the inferior part of anterior aspect of femur and inferiorly to the synovial membrane of the knee joint and the wall of the suprapatellar bursa
Action of the articularis genu muscle
It pulls the synnovial membrane superiorly during extension of the leg, preventing folds of the membrane from being compressed between the patella and femur within the knee joint
Proximal attachment of sartorius
Anterior superior iliac spine
Superior part of notch inferior to it
Distal attachment of sartorius
Superior part of medial surface of tibia
Proximal attachment of illiacus
Iliac crest
Iliac fossa
Ala of sacrum
Anterior sacro iliac ligament
Distal attachment of illiacus
Tendon of psoas major
Lesser trochanter
Femur distal to it
Proximal attachment of psoas major and psoas minor
Psoas major
Sides of T12_L5 vertebrae abs disc between them, transverse process of all lumbar vertebrae.
Psoas minor
Sides of T12_L1 vertebrae and iv discs
Distal attachment of psoas major
Lesser trochanter of femur
Distal attachment of psoas minor
Pectineal line and iliopubic eminence via iliopectineal arch
Actions of sartorius
Flexes
Abducts
Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Flexes leg at knee joint
Actions of illiopsoas
Flexes thigh at hip joint
Stabilizes hip joint
Proximal attachment of rectus femoris
Anterior inferiorly iliac spine
Ilium superior to acebtabulum
Proximal attachment of vastus lateralis
Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
Proximal attachment of vastus medialis
Medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Inter trochanteric line
Proximal attachment of vastus intermedius
Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
Distal attachment of quadriceps
Via quadriceps tendon
Independent attachment to base of patellar
Indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.
Medial thigh muscles
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
Describe the adductor longus
It is a large , fan shaped muscle
It is the most anteriorly placed
Which muscle is a short adductor
The adductor brevis
Where does the adductor brevis lie
It lies deep to the pectineus and adductor longus
The obturator nerve emerges from where
The obturator canal to enter the medial compartment of the thigh, it splits into an anterior and posterior division
The 2 divisions of the obturator nerve pass where
Anterior and posterior to the adductor brevis
Properties of the adductor magnus
It is the largest
Most powerful
And most posterior of the adductor magnus
Shape of the adductor magnus
It is a fan shaped muscle
Describe the medial margin of the adductor magnus
It is thick
And has an adductor part and a hamstring part
Describe the gracilis muscle
It is a long strap like muscle
Which muscle is the most medial of the thigh muscles
Gracilis
Most superficial adductor muscle
Gracilis
Weakest adductor muscle
Gracilis
Which adductor muscle crosses the hip and knee joint
The gracilis
What other muscles does the gracilis join with
It joins with two other 2 joint muscles, called semi tendinous and sartorius
The common tendinous insertion of the 3 two joint muscle is what
The pes anserinus otherwise known as the goose foot) into the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia
Actions of per anersium muscles
Add stability to the medial part of extended knee
Describe the obturator externus
It is a flat , small, fan shaped muscle
Placed in the superiomedial part of the thigh
Adductor hiatus
It is an opening or apperture between, the aponeurotic distal attachment of the adductor part of the adductor magnus and the tendinous distal attachment of the hamstring part
Functions of the adductor hiatus
It transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa posterior to the knee
Location of opening of adductor hiatus
It is located just lateral and superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur
Proximal attachment of adductor longus
Body of pubis
Inferior to pubic crest
Proximal attachment of adductor brevis
Body of pubis
Inferior ramus of pubis
Proximal attachment of adductor magnus
Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity
Proximal attachment of gracilis
Body and infer ramus of pubis
Proximal attachment of obturator externus
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
Distal attachment of adductor longus
Middle third of linea aspera of femur
Distal attachment of adductor brevis
Pectineal line
and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
Distal attachment of adductor part of magnus
Gluteal tuberosity
Linea aspera
Medial supracondylar line
Distal attachment of hamstring of adductor magnus
Adductor tubercle of femur
Distal attachment of gracilis
Superior part of medial surface of tibia
Distal attachment of obturator externus
Trochanteric fossa of femur
Functions of adductor longus
Adducts thigh
Functions of adductor brevis
Adducts thigh
Flexes it to some extent
Functions of adductor magnus
Adducts thigh
Adductor part: flexes thigh
Hamstring part: extends thigh
Functions of gracilis
Adducts thigh
Flexes leg, medial rotates legs
Functions of obturator externus
Laterally rotates thigh
Steadies head of femur in acetabulum
Innervation of adductor magnus
Adductor part
Obturator nerve (L2,L3 , L4)
Hamstring part
Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
Innervation of adductor longus
Obturator nerve and branch of anterior division
L2, L3 ,L4
All anterior muscles are supplied by the femoral nerve except
Psoas major
The skin of the gluteal region is richly innervated by
Superior
Middle and inferior clunial nerves
Muscles of the posterior thigh
Semi tendinous
Semi membranous
Biceps femoris
Another name for posterior thigh muscle is
Hamstring muscle
Proximal attachment of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Ischial tuberosity
Distal attachment of semi tendinous
Medial surface of superior part of tibia
Distal attachment of semi membranous
Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
Innervation of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia
L5,S1,S2
Functions of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Extends thigh
Flexes leg
Medially rotates the leg when knee is flexed
Proximal attachment of biceps femoris
Long head. Ischial tuberosity
Short head linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Distal attachment of biceps femoris
Lateral side of head of fibula
Innervation of biceps femoris
Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve
L5,S1,S2.
Functions of biceps femoris
Flexes legs and laterally rotates it when knee is flexed
Extends thigh
Deep fascia of the thigh is called
Fascia lata
The fascia lata is thicker on which side
The lateral side and it is called the illiotibial band
