Muscles of the Leg Flashcards
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: lateral condyle, proximal half of lateral tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion: medial plantar surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle and inverts foot
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Region: anterior leg
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal ¾ of anterior surface of interosseous membrane and fibula
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends lateral four digits dorsiflexes foot at ankle
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Region: anterior leg
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Origin: middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot at ankle
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Region: anterior leg
Fibularis Peroneus Tertius
Origin: distal third of anterior surface of fibular and interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle and aids in eversion of foot
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Region: anterior leg
Fibularis Peroneus Brevis
Origin: distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion: dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: everts foot and weakly plantarflexes foot at ankle
Blood Supply: anterior tibial and fibular arteries
Region: lateral leg
Fibularis Peroneus Longus
Origin: head and proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: plantar base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: everts foot and weakly plantarflexes foot at ankle
Blood Supply: anterior tibial and fibular arteries
Region: lateral leg
Soleus
Origin: posterior aspect of head of fibula, proximal ¼ of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line of tibia
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexes foot at ankle, stabilizes leg over foot
Blood Supply: popliteal, posterior tibial, and fibular arteries
Region: posterior leg
Tibialis Posterior
Origin: posterior tibia below soleal line, interosseous membrane, proximal half of posterior fibula
Insertion: tuberosity of navicular bone, all cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd through 4th metatarsals
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexes foot at ankle and inverts foot
Blood Supply: fibular artery
Region: posterior leg
Plantaris
Origin: inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: weakly assists gastrocnemius
Blood Supply: popliteal artery
Region: posterior leg
Popliteus
Origin: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus
Insertion: posterior tibia superior to soleal line
Innervation: tibial nerve (L4-S1)
Action: weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by rotating femur on fixed tibia
Blood Supply: inferior medial and lateral genicular arteries
Region: posterior leg
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin: medial part of posterior tibia inferior to soleal line
Insertion: plantar bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes lateral four digits and plantarflexes foot at ankle foot at ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot
Blood Supply: posterior tibial artery
Region: posterior leg
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Origin: distal 2/3 of posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes all joints of great toe, weakly plantarflexes foot at ankle
Blood Supply: fibular artery
Region: posterior leg
Gastrocnemius
Origin: lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur; medial head: popliteal surface above medial condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexes foot at ankle joint, assists in flexion of knee joint, raises heel during walking
Blood Supply: popliteal and posterior tibial arteries
Region: posterior leg
