Muscles of the Gluteal Region Flashcards
Superior Gemellus
Origin: outer surface of ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve of obturator internus
Action: laterally rotates extended thigh at the hip
Blood Supply: inferior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries
Inferior Gemellus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotates extended thigh at the hip
Blood Supply: medial circumflex femoral artery
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest
Insertion: iliotibial tract that attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh at hip; helps to keep knee extended
Blood Supply: ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: most fibers end in iliotibial tract that inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert into gluteal tuberosity of femur
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Action: extends flexed thigh, assists in lateral rotation, and abducts thigh
Blood Supply: inferior gluteal arteries mainly, and superior gluteal arteries occasionally
Gluteus Medius
Origin: lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh at hips; steadies pelvis on leg when opposite leg is raised
Blood Supply: superior gluteal artery
Gluteus Minimus
Origin: lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh at hips; steadies pelvis on leg when opposite leg is raised
Blood Supply: main trunk and deep branch of superior gluteal artery
Obturator Internus
Origin: pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve of obturator internus
Action: laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh at hip
Blood Supply: internal pudendal and obturator arteries
Piriformis
Origin: anterior surface of sacral segments 2-4, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: superior border of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: ventral rami of L5, S1, S2
Action: laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh at hip
Blood Supply: superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery
Quadratus Femoris
Origin: lateral margin of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotates thigh at hip
Blood Supply: medial circumflex femoral artery
