Muscles of the head and neck

Question 1

Temporalis

Answer 1

Jaw closer from temporal fossa to coronoid process of mandible
N: V3

Question 2

Masseter

Answer 2

Jaw closer from zygomatic arch to laterally on mandible

N: V3

Question 3

Ptergyoids

Answer 3

Important for side to side action
pterygoid fossa to medially on mandible
N: V3

Question 4

Digastricus

Answer 4

Jaw opener; joint arch 1 and 2 derivation
From paracondylar process of occipital bone to ventral mandible
N: V3 and CN VII

Question 5

Stapedius

Answer 5

Innervation from VII

Question 6

Tensor tympani

Answer 6

Innervation from V3

Question 7

Tensor palatini

Answer 7

Opens Eustacian tube/lowers soft palate to allow breathing after swallowing
From muscular process of to lateral soft palate; redirects pull around hamulus of pterygoid
N: V3

Question 8

Dorsal cricoarytenoideus (DCA)

Answer 8

Opens glottis via levering arytenoid cartilages apart laterally
From dorsally on cricoid to laterally on muscular process of arytenoid
N: Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 9

Cricothyroideus

Answer 9

Tenses vocal cords
From thyroid to cricoid

N: cranial laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 10

Hyo-epiglottis

Answer 10

depresses epiglottis

Question 11

Thyroarytenoideus

Answer 11

Made of vocalis and vestibularis

Relaxes vocal cords

Question 12

Lateral cricoarytenoideus

Answer 12

Closes ventral glottis by pulling arytenoids together (adducts vocal cords in)
From cricoid to muscular process of arytenoid (BUT line of pull lies rostral to joint unlike DCA)

N: Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 13

Transverse arytenoideus

Answer 13

Closes dorsal glottis by adducting dorsal parts of arytenoids
Pull lies rostral to joint
N: Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 14

Genioglossus

Answer 14

Protracts the tongue
From mandible into the tongue from rostrally
Hypoglossal

Question 15

Hyoglossus

Answer 15

Retracts the tongue
From basihyoid into tongue from caudally
Hypoglossal

Question 16

Styloglossus

Answer 16

Elevates tongue
From stylohyoid into root of tongue
Hypoglossal

Question 17

Levator palatini

Answer 17

Raises soft palate (to close off nasopharynx)

From ?? muscular process to soft palate

Question 18

Flipping epiglottis back

Answer 18

Use hyoglossus to retract tongue and geniohyoideus (basihyoid to mandible) to protract the larynx

Question 19

Stylopharyngeus

Answer 19

Dilate the pharynx

From stylohyoid to laterally on pharynx

Question 20

Pterygo-pharyngeus

Answer 20

Protract pharynx

From pterygoid bone to lat pharynx walls

Question 21

Palato-pharyngeus

Answer 21

Protract pharynx

From soft palate to lat pharynx walls

Question 22

Pharyngeal constrictors to move food to oes

Answer 22

All go to midline of oes

Hyopharyngeus
Thyropharyngeus
Cricopharyngeus

Question 23

Sterno-thyro-hyoid complex

Answer 23

Retracts the larynx