Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Question 1

Tensor Fascia Latae

Answer 1

O: 
Anterior iliac crest 
Iliac tubercle 
ASIS
Deep fascia lata

I:
IT band

A: 
Flexes hip 
Medially rotates thigh 
Abducts thigh
Tenses fascia latae

N:
Superior gluteal nerve (dorsal div. of L4, L5, S1)

Question 2

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 2

O: 
External ala of ilium 
Posterior gluteal line 
Iliac creat
Dorsal surface of sacrum, coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament 

I:
IT band
some on gluteal tuberosity of femur

A: 
Extends thigh 
Assists in lateral rotation 
Steadies thigh in flexion when sitting 
Extends pelvis when thigh fixed 

N:
Inferior gluteal nerve (dorsal div L5, S1, S2)

Question 3

Gluteus Medius

Answer 3

O:
External surface of ilium, b/w anterior and posterior gluteal lines

I:
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

A: 
Abduction of thigh
Anterior fibers (medial rotation) 
Posterior fibers (lateral rotation) 
Tilts pelvis to same side during locomotion to allow opposite foot to clear ground 

N:
Superior gluteal nerve (dorsal div L4, L5, S1)

Question 4

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 4

O:
External surface of ilium, between anterior and inferior lines

I:
Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

A:
Medial rotation of thigh
Abduction of thigh
Steadies pelvis while walking

N:
Superior gluteal nerve (dorsal div L4, L5, S1)

Question 5

Piriformis

Answer 5

O:
Anterior surface of sacrum
Superior margin of greater sciatic notch
Sacrotuberous ligament

I:
Superior border of greater trochanter (through greater sciatic foramen)

A:
Lateral rotation of extended thigh
Abduction of flexed thigh
Helps hold femur in acetabulum

N:
Dorsal div of ventral rami of S1 and S2

Question 6

Obturator Internus

Answer 6

O:
Pelvic surfaces of ilium and ischium
Internal surface of obturator membrane

I:
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

A:
Laterally rotates extended thigh
Abducts flexed thigh
Helps hold femur in acetabulum

N:
Nerve to obturator internus (ventral div of L5-S1)

Question 7

Obturator Externus

Answer 7

O:
Rami of pubis and ischium
External surface of obturator membrane

I:
Trochanteric fossa of femur

A:
Laterally rotate extended thigh

N:
Obturator nerve L3, L4

Question 8

Gemellus Superior and Inferior

Answer 8

O:
Superior–ischial spine
Inferior–ischial tuberosity

I:
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

A:
Act with obturator internus

N:
SG–nerve to obturator internus
IG–nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 9

Quadratus Femoris

Answer 9

O:
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

I:
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest and inferior to it

A:
Laterally rotates thigh
Steadies femoral head in acetabulum

N:
Nerve to quadratus femoris (ventral L5-S1)