Muscles Of The Cervical And Thoracic Spine Flashcards
What is the origin of the anterior scalenes?
Anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae.
What is the insertion of the anterior scalenes?
Scalene tubercle of the first rib
What is the action of the anterior scalenes?
Flexion, lateral flexion and rotation of the head and neck
Elevation of the first rib
What is the origin of the posterior scalenes?
Posterior tubercles of transverse process of C4-C6
What is the insertion of the posterior scalenes?
External surface of the second rib
What is the action of the posterior scalenes?
Lateral flexion or the neck
Elevation of the second rib
What is the origin of the middle scalenes?
Transverse processes of C2-C7
What is the insertion of the middle scalenes?
Superior surface of the first rib
What is the action of the middle scalenes?
Lateral flexion of the neck
Elevation of the first rib
What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?
Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium
Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle
What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?
The mastoid process of the temporal bone
Superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?
Flexion, lateral flexion and rotation of the head and neck
What is the origin of the upper trapezius?
External occipital protuberance
Superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
Nuchal ligament
C7 spinous process
What is the insertion of the upper trapezius?
Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
Acromion of the scapula
What is the action of the upper trapezius?
Elevation, retraction and upward rotation of the shoulder girdle
Extension and lateral flexion of the head and neck
What is the origin of the middle trapezius?
Spinous processes of C7-T4
What is the insertion of the middle trapezius?
Acromion of the scapula
Medial half of the spine of the scapula
What is the action of the middle trapezius?
Retraction of the shoulder girdle
What is the origin of the lower trapezius?
Spinous processes of T5-T12
What is the insertion of the lower trapezius?
Medial half of the spine of the scapula
What is the action of the lower trapezius?
Depression, retraction and upward rotation of the shoulder girdle.
What is the origin of the levator scapulae?
Transverse processes of C1-C4
What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?
Medial border of the scapula (superior to scapula spine)
Superior angle of the scapula
What is the action of the levator scapulae?
Elevation, retraction and downward rotation of the shoulder girdle
Extension and lateral flexion of the neck
