Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BOARDS > Muscles of the Back and neck > Flashcards

Muscles of the Back and neck Flashcards

1
Q

erector spinae group

A

Medial to lateral: spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Unilaterally: laterally flex to the same side
Bilaterally: extend the spine

O: common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, SP of the lumbar and last 2 thoracic vertebrae

I: various attachments at the posterior ribs, SP and TP of thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid process of temporal bone

N: spinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Spinalis

A

most medial erector spinae muscle

Unilaterally: laterally flex to the same side
Bilaterally: extend the spine

O:

  • Thoracis: SP of T10-L2
  • Cervicis: ligamentum nuchae, SP of C7

I:

  • Thoracis: SP of upper thoracic
  • Cervicis: SP of cervicals (except C1)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Longissimus

A

Intermediate erector spinae muscle

Unilaterally: laterally flex to the same side
Bilaterally: extend the spine

O:

  • Thoracis: common tendon
  • Cervicis and capitus: TP of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae

I:

  • Thoracis: lower 9 ribs and TP of thoracic vertebrae
  • Cervicis: TP of cervical vertebrae
  • Capitus: mastoid process of temporal bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Iliocostalis

A

most lateral erector spinae muscle

Unilaterally: laterally flex to the same side
Bilaterally: extend the spine

O:

  • Lumborum: common tendon
  • Thoracis and cervicis: posterior surface of ribs 1-12

I:

  • Lumborum: TP of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12
  • Thoracis: posterior surface of ribs 1-6
  • Cervicis: TP of lower cervical vertebrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Transversospinalis Group

A

deep to the erector spinae; consist of many short diagonal fibers
3 branches: multifidi, rotatores and semispinalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Multifidi and rotatores

A

Transversospinalis group

Unilaterally: rotate to the opposite side
Bilaterally: extend the vertebral column

O:

  • Multifidi: sacrum and TP of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
  • Rotatores: TP of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

I: SP of lumbar vertebrae though cervical vertebrae
(multifidi span 2-4 vertebrae while rotators span 1-2)

N: spinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

transversospinalis group

extends the vertebral column and head

O: TP of C4-T5

I: between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput

N: cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Splenius capitus and cervicis

A

located along the upper back and posterior neck; run obliquely

splenius cervicis is deep to the capitus (deep to the trap and rhomboids)

Unilaterally: sidebend and rotate to the same side
Bilaterally: extend the head/neck

O:

  • Capitis: inferior 1/2 of ligamentum nuchal and SP of C7-T4
  • Cervicis: SP of T3-6

I:

  • Capitus: mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
  • Cervicis: TP of C1-3

N: cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Suboccipital group

A

8 small sub occipitals are the deepest muscles of the upper posterior neck.

involved in stabilizing the axis and atlas and in creating intrinsic movements (rocking, tilting) the head.

Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Oblique captitis superior
Oblique captifs inferior

RCP major, RCP minor and OCS: rock and tilt the head back into extension

RCP major, OBI: rotate the head to the same side

OCS: laterally flexes the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major

A

rocks and tilts the head back into extension
rotates head to the same side

O: SP of axis C2

I: inferior nuchal line of the occiput

N: suboccipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor

A

rocks and tilts the head back into extension

O: posterior arch tubercle of C1

I: inferior nuchal line of the occiput

N: suboccipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Oblique capitis superior

A

rocks and tilts the head back into extension
laterally flexes the head

O: TP of C1

I: between the nuchal lines of the occiput

N: suboccipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Oblique capitis inferior

A

rotates head to the same side

O: SP of C2

I: TP of C1

N: suboccipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

deepest muscle of the abdomen located on the posterior surface of the thorax

Unilaterally:

  • laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis
  • laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
  • assist to extend the vertebral column

Bilaterally:
-fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation

O: posterior iliac crest

I: last rib and TP of 1-4 lumbar vertebrae

N: lumbar plexus T12-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

flexes the vertebral column
posteriorly tilts the pelvis

O: pubic crest, pubic symphysis

I: cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

N: T5-12, ventral rami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

External oblique

A

“pocket muscle”

Unilaterally:

  • laterally flexes to same side
  • rotates to opposite side

Bilaterally: flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal contents

O: external surfaces of ribs 5-12

I: anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

N: T5-12

17
Q

Internal oblique

A

Unilaterally:

  • laterally flex to same side
  • rotate to same side

Bilaterally:

  • flex vertebral column
  • compress abdominal contents

O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

I: internal surface of lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

N: T7-L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami

18
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

compress abdominal contents

O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower 6 ribs

I: abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

N: T7-L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral divisions

19
Q

respiratory

A

to be done

20
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Unilaterally:

  • laterally flexes to the same side
  • rotates to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

  • flexes the neck
  • assists to elevate the ribcage during inhalation

O:

  • sternal head: top of manubrium
  • clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle

I: mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput

N: C1-3

carotid artery passes deep and medial to the SCM, the external jugular vein lies superficial to it.

21
Q

Scalenes

A

sandwiched between SCM and anterior flap of trap on ant/lateral neck.

Unilaterally:

  • with the ribs fixed, laterally flex the head/neck to same side
  • rotate head and neck to opposite side

Bilaterally:

  • elevate the ribs during inhalation
  • flex the head and neck (ANTERIOR ONLY)

Anterior:
O: TP of C1-3 (anterior tubercles)
I: 1st rib

Middle:
O: TP of C2-7 (posterior tubercles)
I: 1st rib

Posterior:
O: TP of C6-7 (posterior tubercles)
I: 2nd rib

N: C3-8

BOARDS (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions