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Human Anatomy - Muscles > Muscles of the Back > Flashcards

Muscles of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius - upper fibres

A

ORIGIN: external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process C7
INSERTION: posterior aspect of lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula
ACTION: elevation, retraction, upward rotation of scapula, lateral flexion & extension of head and neck
INNERVATION: CNXI (accessory nerve)

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2
Q

Trapezius - middle fibres

A

ORIGIN: spinous processes of C7-T4
INSERTION: acromion of scapula, medial half of spine of scapula
ACTION: retraction of scapula
INNERVATION: CNXI (accessory nerve)

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3
Q

Trapezius - lower fibres

A

ORIGIN: spinous processes of T5-T12
INSERTION: medial half of spine of scapula
ACTION: depression, retraction and upward rotation of scapula
INNERVATION: CNXI (accessory nerve)

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4
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

ORIGIN: spinous processes T7-T12, ribs 9-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
INSERTION: floor of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus
ACTION: adduction, medial rotation and extension of humerus
INNERVATION: thoracodorsal nerve

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5
Q

Rhomboid minor

A

ORIGIN: lower part of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T1
INSERTION: medial border of scapula adjacent to spine of scapula
ACTION: retraction and downward rotation of scapula
INNERVATION: dorsal scapular nerve

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6
Q

Rhomboid major

A

ORIGIN: spinous processes T2-T5
INSERTION: medial border of scapula inferior to spine of scapula
ACTION: retraction and downward rotation of scapula
INNERVATION: dorsal scapular nerve

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7
Q

Levator scapula

A

ORIGIN: transverse processes C1-C2, posterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C4
INSERTION: superior angle of scapula, medial border of scapula superior to spine of scapula
ACTION: uni - elevation and downward rotation of scapula, lateral flexion of neck (ipsi.)
bi - extension of neck
INNERVATION: anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve, dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

ORIGIN: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T3, supraspinous ligaments
INSERTION: external surfaces ribs 2-5
ACTION: elevation of ribs 2-5 at costovertebral joints (aids in respiration)
INNERVATION: anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

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9
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

ORIGIN: spinous processes T11-L2
INSERTION: external surfaces ribs 9-12
ACTION: depression of ribs 9-12 at costovertebral joints (aids in respiration)
INNERVATION: anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

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10
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (SUPERFICIAL) - Splenius

A

ORIGIN: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T3/4 vertebrae
INSERTION: splenius capitis - fibres run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
splenius cervicis - tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3/4 vertebrae
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion and rotation of necl (ipsi.)
bi - extension of head and neck
INNERVATION: posterior rami of cervical nerves

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11
Q

INTRINSUC BACK (INTERMEDIATE) - Iliocostalis

A

ORIGIN: broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament
INSERTION: lumborum, thoracis and cervicis fibres run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion of vertebral column (ipsi.)
bi - extension vertebral column and head
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

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12
Q

INTRINSUC BACK (INTERMEDIATE) - Longissimus

A

ORIGIN: broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament
INSERTION: thoracis, cervicis and capitis fibres run superiorly to ribs btw tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions to mastoid process of temporal bone
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion of vertebral column (ipsi.)
bi - extension vertebral column and head
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

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13
Q

INTRINSUC BACK (INTERMEDIATE) - Spinalis

A

ORIGIN: broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament
INSERTION: thoracis, cervicis and capitis fibres run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region and to cranium
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion of vertebral column (ipsi.)
bi - extension vertebral column and head
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

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14
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP) - Semispinalis (thoracis, cervacis & capitis)

A

ORIGIN: arises from transverse processes C4-T10 vertebrae
INSERTION: fibres run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion (ipsi.) and rotation (contra.) of trunk
bi - extension of trunk
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

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15
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP) - Multifidus

A

ORIGIN: posterior superior iliac spine, dorsal surface of sacrum, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, all transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of C4-C7
INSERTION: span btw 2-4 vertebrae to insert into spinous processes of lumbar, thoracic and cervical vertebrae
ACTION: uni - lateral flexion (ipsi.) and rotation (contra.) of trunk
bi - stabilisation of vertebral column, extension of trunk
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

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16
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP) - Rotatores (brevis & longus)

A

ORIGIN: arise from transverse processes of vertebrae
INSERTION: brevis - laminae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 1 vertebral segment above
longus - laminae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 2 vertebral segments above
ACTION: uni - rotation of trunk (contra.)
bi - stabilisation of vertebral column, extension of trunk, aids with proprioception
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

17
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP MINOR): Interspinales

A

ORIGIN: superior aspect of spinous processes along vertebral column
INSERTION: inferior aspect of adjacent spinous processes along vertebral column
ACTION: stabilisation of vertebral column
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

18
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP MINOR): Intertransversarii

A

ORIGIN: transverse processes of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
INSERTION: transverse processes of vertebra superior to origin
ACTION: stabilisation of vertebral column
INNERVATION: anterior and posterior rami of spinal nerves

19
Q

INTRINSIC BACK (DEEP MINOR): Levatores costarum

A

ORIGIN: transverse processes C7-T11 vertebrae
INSERTION: superior border of rib 1 level below origin
ACTION: uni - side flexion of vertebral colum (ipsi.), rotation of trunk (contra.)
bi - elevation of ribs during inhalation
INNERVATION: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Human Anatomy - Muscles (13 decks)

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