Muscles of the Arm Flashcards
Biceps Brachii
Origin: Long head- Supraglenoid tubercle of Scapula. Short head- Coracoid process of scapula.
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Actions: Elbow flexion, Forearm supination, Flexion of the shoulder
Brachialis
Origin: Anterior shaft of humerus.
Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna
Actions: Elbow flexion
Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral distal humerus
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Actions: Elbow flexion
Triceps Brachii
Origin:
Long head- Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Medial head- Posterior medial humerus.
Lateral- Posterior lateral humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
Actions:
Extension of elbow
Extension of arm at shoulder (Long head only)
Anconeus
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions:
Olecranon
Shaft of Ulna
Actions: Elbow extension
What are the superficial forearm muscles?
Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
What do the superficial forearm muscles do?
Action:
Elbow flexion
Elbow extension
PT- Pronates forearm (no wrist flexion)
Where do the superficial forearm muscles originate?
The Common Flexor Origin or the CFO is the Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Where does the pronator teres insert?
Lateral Radius
Where does the Flexor carpi radialis insert?
Metacarpals
Where does the Palmaris longus insert?
Palmar aponeurosis
Where does the flexor carpi ulnaris insert?
Pisiform; Metacarpals
What is the intermediate forearm muscle?
The Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)
Where does the flexor digitorum superficialis originate?
The medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulna, and radius
Where does the flexor digitorum superficialis insert?
Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
What does the flexor digitorum superficialis do?
Flexion of the elbow, wrist and fingers
What are the deep anterior forearm muscles?
Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Pronator Quadratus (PQ)
Supinator
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Origin: Ulna and interosseus membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanges (digits 2-5)
Action: Flexion of wrist and fingers
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Origin: Radius and Interosseus membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx of thumb
Action: Flexion of wrist and thumb
Pronator Quadratus
Origin: Ulna
Insertion: Radius
Action: Forearm pronation
What are the superficial posterior forearm muscles?
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitourm
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Where do the superficial posterior forearm muscles originate?
The Common Extensor Origin (CEO) or the Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus
Where do the superficial posterior forearm muscles insert?
Insertion:
Extensor Digitorum- Distal Phalanx of digits 2-5
Others- Metacarpals
What do the superficial posterior forearm muscles do?
Actions:
All- extension of wrist and elbow
Extensor Digitorum- Finger Extension of digits 2-5
What are the deep posterior forearm muscles?
Supinator, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor indicis, Extensor pollicis brevis
Where do the deep posterior forearm muscles originate?
Radius, Ulna and Interosseous membrane
Supinator: CEO (Lateral epicondyle of the humerus) and the Ulna
Where do the deep posterior forearm muscles insert?
The thumb and first metacarpal
Supinator: Radius
What do the deep posterior forearm muscles do?
Actions:
Wrist extension
Finger/thumb extension
Abductor pollicis longus- Thumb abduction
Supinator- Forearm supination
To flex the distal interphalangeal joint of the four medial digits of the hand, which muscle from the
ones listed must be working?
The Flexor Digitorum Profundus
