Muscles of the anterior and medial thigh

Question 0

sartorius

Answer 0

Origin: ASIS; superior part of notch inferior to it
Insertion: superior part of medial surface of tibia
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Action: flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates hip joint; flexes knee joint

Question 1

iliopsoas

Answer 1

Origin: (psoas) sides of T12-L5 vert and discs between them; t-pros of all lumb vert
(iliacus) iliac fossa, iliac crest, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
Insertion: lesser trochanter and femur distal to it
Innervation: (psoas) ant rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)
(iliacus) femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Action: acting conjointly in flexing hip joint and in stabilizing the hip joint; psoas major is also a postural muscle that helps control deviation of the trunk and is active during standing

Question 2

rectus femoris

Answer 2

Origin: AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
Insertion: via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacular)
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: extends knee joint; rectus femoris also stabilizes hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

Question 3

vastus lateralis

Answer 3

Origin: greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacular)
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: extends knee joint

Question 4

vastus intermedius

Answer 4

Origin: anterior and lateral surfaces of the shaft of the femur
Insertion: via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacular)
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: extends knee joint

Question 5

vastus medialis

Answer 5

Origin: intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
Insertion: via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacular)
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: extends knee joint

Question 6

pectineus

Answer 6

Origin: superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2, L3); may receive branch from obturator nerve
Action: adducts and flexes hip joint; assists in medial rotation of hip joint

Question 7

obturator externus

Answer 7

Origin: margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Action: laterally rotates hip joint; pulls head of femur into acetabulum holding pelvis steady

Question 8

adductor longus

Answer 8

Origin: body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
Insertion: middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: adducts hip joint

Question 9

adductor brevis

Answer 9

Origin: body of inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: adducts hip joint; to some extent flexes it

Question 10

adductor magnus

Answer 10

Origin: adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium
hamstring part: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
hamstring part: adductor tubercle of the femur
Innervation: adductor part: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
Action: adducts hip joint
adductor part: flexes hip joint
hamstring part: extends hip joint

Question 11

gracilis

Answer 11

Origin: body of inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: superior part of medial surface of tibia
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2, L3)
Action: adducts hip joint; flexes knee joint and helps rotate it medially