Muscles of Head and Neck

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin?

Answer 1

2 heads. Sternal head: to sternum. Clavicular head: medial end of clavicle.

Question 2

SCM insertion?

Answer 2

Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral half of superior nuchal line.

Question 3

SCM actions?

Answer 3

1. Bilaterally flex neck. 2. Unilaterally flex neck and rotate to opposite side. 3. Extends head on neck. 4. Elevates sternum and clavicle on inhalation.

Question 4

Splenius capitus shape?

Answer 4

A V in the posterior of neck. Deep to trapezius and rhomboids.

Question 5

Splenius capitus origin?

Answer 5

SP’s C7-T4.

Question 6

Splenius capitus insertion?

Answer 6

Lateral superior nuchal line, mastoid process.

Question 7

Splenius capitus action?

Answer 7

1. Bilaterally extend head and neck.

2. Unilaterally extend and rotate head to same side.

Question 8

Levator scapula origin?

Answer 8

TP’s C1-C4.

Question 9

Levator scapula insertion?

Answer 9

Medial border of scapula b/w spine and superior angle.

Question 10

Levator scapula action?

Answer 10

Elevates the scapula.

Question 11

Levator scapula origin/insertion reversed action:

Answer 11

Laterally flexes head and neck.

Question 12

Scalene names?

Answer 12

Anterior, middle, posterior

Question 13

Ant. scalene O?

Answer 13

TP’s C3-C6

Question 14

Ant. scalene insertion?

Answer 14

1st rib.

Question 15

Ant. scalene action?

Answer 15

elevate ribs during forced inhalation.

Question 16

Ant. scalene OI reversed?

Answer 16

Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.

Question 17

Middle scalene O?

Answer 17

TP’s C2-C7

Question 18

Middle scalene I?

Answer 18

1st rib

Question 19

Middle scalene action?

Answer 19

elevate ribs during forced inhalation.

Question 20

Middle scalene OI reversed?

Answer 20

Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.

Question 21

Posterior scalene O?

Answer 21

TP’s C6-C7

Question 22

Posterior scalene I?

Answer 22

2nd rib.

Question 23

Posterior scalene A:

Answer 23

elevate ribs during forced inhalation

Question 24

Posterior scalene OI reversed?

Answer 24

Lateral flexion of neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contralaterally.

Question 25

Tip for OI reversed?

Answer 25

If ribs are moving, OI isn’t reversed. If neck is moving OI IS reversed.

Question 26

What is origin?

Answer 26

Where the muscle attaches to bone.

Question 27

What is insertion?

Answer 27

Where the muscle attaches to a more distal, moving part.

Question 28

Suboccipitals location?

Answer 28

In hollow spot b/w C2 and superior nuchal line.

Question 29

Suboccipitals action?

Answer 29

Extention and rotation of head.

Question 30

Splenius cervicis location?

Answer 30

Deep compared to splenius capitis. Attaches to cervical vertebrae.

Question 31

Splenius cervicis action?

Answer 31

Rotate and laterally flex neck to same side, extend neck.

Question 32

Erector spinae muscle group location?

Answer 32

Between angle of rib and SP’s.

Question 33

Erector spinae actions?

Answer 33

Bilaterally extend vertebral column, unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column.

Question 34

Erector spinae: 3 main muscle?

Answer 34

Spinalis, longissimus, ilicostalis.

Question 35

Spinalis location?

Answer 35

Most medial.

Question 36

Longissimus location and description?

Answer 36

Most prominent, middle muscle. Starts in sacrum, ends at mastoid process.

Question 37

Ilicostalis location and description?

Answer 37

Like a flat shoelace. Most lateral muscle, medial to the angle of the rib.