Muscles of Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin?

A

2 heads. Sternal head: to sternum. Clavicular head: medial end of clavicle.

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2
Q

SCM insertion?

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral half of superior nuchal line.

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3
Q

SCM actions?

A
  1. Bilaterally flex neck. 2. Unilaterally flex neck and rotate to opposite side. 3. Extends head on neck. 4. Elevates sternum and clavicle on inhalation.
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4
Q

Splenius capitus shape?

A

A V in the posterior of neck. Deep to trapezius and rhomboids.

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5
Q

Splenius capitus origin?

A

SP’s C7-T4.

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6
Q

Splenius capitus insertion?

A

Lateral superior nuchal line, mastoid process.

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7
Q

Splenius capitus action?

A
  1. Bilaterally extend head and neck.

2. Unilaterally extend and rotate head to same side.

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8
Q

Levator scapula origin?

A

TP’s C1-C4.

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9
Q

Levator scapula insertion?

A

Medial border of scapula b/w spine and superior angle.

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10
Q

Levator scapula action?

A

Elevates the scapula.

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11
Q

Levator scapula origin/insertion reversed action:

A

Laterally flexes head and neck.

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12
Q

Scalene names?

A

Anterior, middle, posterior

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13
Q

Ant. scalene O?

A

TP’s C3-C6

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14
Q

Ant. scalene insertion?

A

1st rib.

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15
Q

Ant. scalene action?

A

elevate ribs during forced inhalation.

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16
Q

Ant. scalene OI reversed?

A

Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.

17
Q

Middle scalene O?

A

TP’s C2-C7

18
Q

Middle scalene I?

A

1st rib

19
Q

Middle scalene action?

A

elevate ribs during forced inhalation.

20
Q

Middle scalene OI reversed?

A

Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.

21
Q

Posterior scalene O?

A

TP’s C6-C7

22
Q

Posterior scalene I?

A

2nd rib.

23
Q

Posterior scalene A:

A

elevate ribs during forced inhalation

24
Q

Posterior scalene OI reversed?

A

Lateral flexion of neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contralaterally.

25
Q

Tip for OI reversed?

A

If ribs are moving, OI isn’t reversed. If neck is moving OI IS reversed.

26
Q

What is origin?

A

Where the muscle attaches to bone.

27
Q

What is insertion?

A

Where the muscle attaches to a more distal, moving part.

28
Q

Suboccipitals location?

A

In hollow spot b/w C2 and superior nuchal line.

29
Q

Suboccipitals action?

A

Extention and rotation of head.

30
Q

Splenius cervicis location?

A

Deep compared to splenius capitis. Attaches to cervical vertebrae.

31
Q

Splenius cervicis action?

A

Rotate and laterally flex neck to same side, extend neck.

32
Q

Erector spinae muscle group location?

A

Between angle of rib and SP’s.

33
Q

Erector spinae actions?

A

Bilaterally extend vertebral column, unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column.

34
Q

Erector spinae: 3 main muscle?

A

Spinalis, longissimus, ilicostalis.

35
Q

Spinalis location?

A

Most medial.

36
Q

Longissimus location and description?

A

Most prominent, middle muscle. Starts in sacrum, ends at mastoid process.

37
Q

Ilicostalis location and description?

A

Like a flat shoelace. Most lateral muscle, medial to the angle of the rib.