Muscles of Head and Neck Flashcards
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin?
2 heads. Sternal head: to sternum. Clavicular head: medial end of clavicle.
SCM insertion?
Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral half of superior nuchal line.
SCM actions?
- Bilaterally flex neck. 2. Unilaterally flex neck and rotate to opposite side. 3. Extends head on neck. 4. Elevates sternum and clavicle on inhalation.
Splenius capitus shape?
A V in the posterior of neck. Deep to trapezius and rhomboids.
Splenius capitus origin?
SP’s C7-T4.
Splenius capitus insertion?
Lateral superior nuchal line, mastoid process.
Splenius capitus action?
- Bilaterally extend head and neck.
2. Unilaterally extend and rotate head to same side.
Levator scapula origin?
TP’s C1-C4.
Levator scapula insertion?
Medial border of scapula b/w spine and superior angle.
Levator scapula action?
Elevates the scapula.
Levator scapula origin/insertion reversed action:
Laterally flexes head and neck.
Scalene names?
Anterior, middle, posterior
Ant. scalene O?
TP’s C3-C6
Ant. scalene insertion?
1st rib.
Ant. scalene action?
elevate ribs during forced inhalation.
Ant. scalene OI reversed?
Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.
Middle scalene O?
TP’s C2-C7
Middle scalene I?
1st rib
Middle scalene action?
elevate ribs during forced inhalation.
Middle scalene OI reversed?
Lat flex neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contra laterally.
Posterior scalene O?
TP’s C6-C7
Posterior scalene I?
2nd rib.
Posterior scalene A:
elevate ribs during forced inhalation
Posterior scalene OI reversed?
Lateral flexion of neck ipsilaterally, rotate neck contralaterally.
Tip for OI reversed?
If ribs are moving, OI isn’t reversed. If neck is moving OI IS reversed.
What is origin?
Where the muscle attaches to bone.
What is insertion?
Where the muscle attaches to a more distal, moving part.
Suboccipitals location?
In hollow spot b/w C2 and superior nuchal line.
Suboccipitals action?
Extention and rotation of head.
Splenius cervicis location?
Deep compared to splenius capitis. Attaches to cervical vertebrae.
Splenius cervicis action?
Rotate and laterally flex neck to same side, extend neck.
Erector spinae muscle group location?
Between angle of rib and SP’s.
Erector spinae actions?
Bilaterally extend vertebral column, unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column.
Erector spinae: 3 main muscle?
Spinalis, longissimus, ilicostalis.
Spinalis location?
Most medial.
Longissimus location and description?
Most prominent, middle muscle. Starts in sacrum, ends at mastoid process.
Ilicostalis location and description?
Like a flat shoelace. Most lateral muscle, medial to the angle of the rib.
