Muscles of facial expressions

Question 1

Head & neck skeletal muscles (Action/ Origin/ Insertion/ Innervation)

Answer 1

Action-muscle fibers shorten & contract and are controlled by nerves
Origin-end of the muscles attached to the least movable structure
Insertion-end of the muscle attached to the more movable structure

Question 2

sternocleidomastoid Muscle (Action/ Origin/ Insertion/ Innervation)

Answer 2

ORIGIN & INSERTION
Originates from the clavicle and sternum
Inserts on mastoid process of temporal bone on both sides
ACTION
Contraction of one side bends the head to that side
Contraction of both muscles bows the head
INNERVATION
Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)

Question 3

Trapezius muscle (Action/ Origin/ Insertion/ Innervation)

Answer 3

ORIGIN & INSERTION
Originates from occipital bone & cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Inserts on  clavicle and scapula
ACTION
Lifts clavicle & scapula; shrugs shoulders
INNERVATION
Cranial nerve XI (accessory)
Third & fourth cervical nerves

Question 4

Muscles of facial expression

Answer 4

Innervated by cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)

Responsible for functions related to facial expression (emotions) & lip movement for speech

Question 5

Epicranial Muscle action

Answer 5

Elevates the eyebrow & scalp; look of surprise

Question 6

Orbicularis oculi (Origin/ Insertion/ Action)

Answer 6

ORIGIN & INSERTION:
Originates on the orbital rim, nasal process of frontal bone, frontal process of maxilla
Inserts into skin at the lateral canthus of the eye
ACTION:
closes the eyelid; causes squinting
functions to protect & moisten the eye

Question 7

Corrugator supercilii (Origin/ Insertion/ Action)

Answer 7

ORIGIN & INSERTION
Originates on the frontal bone in the supraorbital region
Inserts into skin of eyebrow
ACTION: draws eyebrow medially & downward

Question 8

Orbicularis oris (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 8

ORIGIN & INSERTION
Encircles mouth between skin and labial mucosa; no bony attachment
Inserts skin of lips at labial commissure; upper lip at the philtrum

Question 9

Orbicularis oris Action

Answer 9

Pressing lips together
Tightening and thinning (pursing lips)
Rolling inward toward teeth (grimacing)
Thrusting outward (pouting & kissing)

Question 10

Buccinator (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 10

Originates on maxilla, mandible, and pterygomandibular raphe

Inserts into orbicularis oris at the angle of the mouth

Question 11

Buccinator action

Answer 11

Pulls the mouth laterally, compressing the cheek
Aids in keeping food on chewing surfaces of teeth
In infants, provides suction for nursing
“trumpet muscle”

Question 12

Risorius (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 12

Originates from platysma and fascia of masseter muscle

Inserts at orbicularis oris at angle of mouth

Question 13

Risorius Action

Answer 13

Stretches lips laterally, widening mouth

Question 14

Levator labii superioris (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 14

Originates from infraorbital rim of maxilla

Inserts into skin of upper lip

Question 15

Levator labii superioris Action

Answer 15

Elevates upper lip

Question 16

Levator labii alaeque nasi (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 16

Originates from frontal process of maxilla

Inserts into skin at ala of nose & upper lip

Question 17

Levator labii alaeque nasi Action

Answer 17

Elevates upper lip & ala of nose; dilates nostrils, “sneering expression”

Question 18

Zygomaticus major (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 18

Originates from zygomatic bone, lateral to zygomaticus minor

Inserts into skin at labial commissure, in and around orbicularis oris

Question 19

Zygomaticus major Action

Answer 19

Pulls angle of the mouth laterally; smile

Question 20

Zygomaticus minor (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 20

Medial to zygomaticus major
Originates on body of zygomatic bone
Inserts into skin upper lip adjacent to insertion of levator labii superioris

Question 21

Zygomaticus minor Action

Answer 21

Elevates upper lip

Assists in smiling

Question 22

Levator anguli oris (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 22

Deep to zygomaticus major & minor
Originates in canine fossa of maxilla
Inserts at skin of labial commissure

Question 23

Levator anguli oris Action

Answer 23

Elevates corner of the mouth, assists in smiling

Question 24

Depressor anguli oris (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 24

Originates on inferior border of mandible

Inserts into skin at labial commissure

Question 25

Depressor anguli oris Action

Answer 25

Lowers corners of mouth; frowning

Question 26

Depressor labii inferioris (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 26

Originates from inferior border of mandible

Inserts into skin of lower lip

Question 27

Depressor labii inferioris Action

Answer 27

Lowers lower lip to expose mandibular incisors

Question 28

mentalis (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 28

Originates on mandible near midline

Inserts in skin of chin

Question 29

Mentalis action

Answer 29

Raises the chin, protrudes lower lip

Narrows the vestibule near mandibular incisors

Question 30

Platysma (Origin/ Insertion)

Answer 30

Originates in skin superficial to clavicle & shoulder

Inserts on inferior border of mandible & muscles surrounding mouth

Question 31

Platysma Action

Answer 31

Raises skin of neck

Pulls down corners of mouth, “grimacing”

Question 32

Action

Answer 32

muscle fibers shorten & contract and are controlled by nerves

Question 33

Origin

Answer 33

end of the muscles attached to the least movable structure

Question 34

Insertion

Answer 34

end of the muscle attached to the more movable structure