Muscles of Articulation + resonation Flashcards by Christina Gonzalez

zygomaticus minor

elevate upper lip

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zygomaticus major

elevates and retracts the angle of mouth

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levator labii superioris

elevate upper lip

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risorius

retract lip at corner

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upper orbicularis oris

constrict oral opening

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platysma

depress mandible

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depressor labii inferioris

pulls lips down and out

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mentalis

elevates and wrinkles the chin
pulls lower lip out

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lower orbicularis oris

constrict oral opening

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buccinator

moves food onto grinding surfaces of the molars

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Parts of the tongue

central sulcus
terminal sulcus
foramen cecum
lingual frenulum
sublingual folds

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central sulcus

divides tongue into left and right sides

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terminal sulcus

border between oral and pharyngeal portions

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foramen cecum

small depression on the back of the tongue between oral and pharyngeal surfaces

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lingual frenulum

joins inferior tongue and mandible
stabilizes tongue during movement

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sublingual folds

two elevated bands of tissue on floor of mouth

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Intrinsic muscles

produce rapid delicate articulations for speech and non speech

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muscles of tongue: Intrinsic

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
transverse muscle
vertical muscle

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superior longitudinal

elevates, retracts or deviates tip of tongue

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inferior longitudinal

pull tip down
retract and deviate tongue

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transverse

narrow tongue

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vertical

pull tongue down

extrinsic muscles

moving the tongue
general posture for articulation

muscles of tongue: extrinsic

genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus

genioglossus (XII)

anterior: retract posterior: protrude both: depress

hyoglossus (XII)

pulls sides of tongue down

styloglossus (XII)

draws tongue back and up

palatoglossus (XI + X)

elevate tongue or depress soft palate

muscles of mastication: mandibular elevators

masseter temporalis medial pterygoid lateral pterygoid

masseter (V)

most superficial elevate mandible

temporalis (V)

deep to masseter elevate mandible and draws back if protruded

medial pterygoid (V)

elevate mandible

lateral pterygoid (V)

protrude mandible

muscles of mastication: mandibular depressors

digastric anterior mylohyoid digastric posterior geniohyoid

digastric anterior (V)

pulls hyoid forward depress mandible if in conjunction w/ digastricus posterior

mylohyoid (V)

depress mandible

Digastric posterior (VII)

pull hyoid back depress mandible if in conjunction w/ anterior digastricus

geniohyoid (XII)

depress mandible

muscles of velum (soft palate): soft palate elevators

levator veli palatini musculus uvulae

muscles of velum: auditory tube dilator

tensor veli palatini

muscles of velum: soft palate depressors

palatoglossus palatopharyngeus

levator veli palatini (XI + X)

elevate and retract posterior velum

musculus uvulae (XII + X)

shorten soft palate

tensor veli palatini (V)

dilate auditory tube

palatopharyngeus (XI + X)

narrow pharynx lower soft palate

muscles of pharynx: Pharyngeal constrictor

superior pharyngeal constrictor middle pharyngeal constrictor inferior pharyngeal constrictor cricopharyngeus

muscles of pharynx: elevators

salpingopharyngeus stylopharyngeus

superior pharyngeal constrictor (IX + X)

pull pharyngeal wall forward constrict diameter

middle pharyngeal constrictor (IX + X)

narrow pharynx diameter

inferior pharyngeal constrictor (IX + X)

reduce diameter of lower pharynx

cricopharyngeus (IX + X)

constrict superior orifice of esophagus

salpingopharyngeus (X + XI)

elevate lateral wall

stylopharyngeus (IX)

elevate and open pharynx