Muscles Lecture 2 ILO's

Question 1

What are the similarities between cardiac and smooth muscle? (4)

Answer 1

• Central nuclei
• Only 1 contractile cell type (fast and slow in skeletal)
• Wave-like function
• Communicate through gap junctions (specifically intercalated discs in cardiomyocytes)

Question 2

What are the differences between cardiac and smooth muscle? (3)

Answer 2

• No sarcomeres in smooth muscle (as they’re not striated)
• Electrical conduction - specialised cells/routes (Purkinje fibres ) in cardiac
• No troponin in smooth muscle

Question 3

Describe the origin of a muscle (3)

Answer 3

• Bone usually proximal (close to midline)
• Greater mass than insertion
• More stable than insertion during contraction

Question 4

Describe the insertion of a muscle (5)

Answer 4

• Structure which muscle attaches to
• Moved by contraction
• Usually distal
• May be bone, tendon or connective tissue (usually tendon or bone).
• Greater motion than origin during contraction.

Question 5

What is created at the origin tendon point?

Answer 5

Tension

Question 6

What is created at the insertion tendon point?

Answer 6

Movement

Question 7

Describe the roles of: agonist, antagonist, synergist, neutraliser and fixator

Answer 7