Muscles in the Neck and the Triangles Flashcards
Platysma runs from …. to …..
Inferior mandible to the clavicle
The action of …. is to depress the outer corners of the mouth
Platysma
List the four muscles of mastication
1 Buccinator
2 Temporalis
3 Pterygoid medial
4 Pterygoid lateral
What nerve supplies the masticating muscles?
Trigeminal
The facial nerve supplies the muscles of ….. ……
Facial expression
List the 5 branches of the facial nerve
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
Opthalmic, manxialliary and mandibular describe the branches of which cranial nerve?
Trigeminal
The platysma is a nerve of…. and thus is supplied by the…. nerve.
Facial expression
Facial
The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius are located in which fascial compartment and applied by what nerve?
Investing layer
Accessory
The face contains two muscle types, what are they and how do their nervous supplies vary?
Facial expression- facial nerve
Muscles of mastication- trigeminal
What is the function of the trigeminal nerve?
Motor innervation to the muscles of mastication
Sensory innervation to the face and scalp
Are the terminal branches of the facial nerve (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular and cervical) intra or extra-cranial?
Extra cranial
Which gland has a special association with the facial nerve?
Parotid
What is the function of the facial nerve?
Motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression
Sensory supply to tongue (taste)
Parasympathetic innervation of the salivary and lacrimal glands
Which artery supplies the head and neck and via what terminal branches?
Common carotid
which splits to internal and external carotids.
Which vein has the most major drainage role of the head and neck?
Internal jugular vein
The facial vein drains blood from the face and drains into the…. jugular vein
internal
Which vein that drains the scalp and face runs more superficially in the neck than the IJV?
external jugular vein
Inserting a surgical air way could risk infection introduction to which space?
Pre-tracheal space
List the borders of the anterior triangle in the neck
Midline imaginary line
Sternocleidomastoid
Inferior mandible
What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?
Trapesiuz
clavicle
sternocleidomastoid
The accessory nerve supplies which muscle to give shoulder elevation?
Trapezius
How would you test the accessory nerve?
Ask a patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance
Arm abduction beyond 90 degrees is assisted by which muscle?
Trapezius (superior fibres)
Which muscle runs from the external occipital protuberance, the superior nuchal line, vertebral processes to the the spine of the scapular, clavicle and acromion.
Trapezius
If you ask a patient to turn their neck to look over their shoulder against resistance which nerve and muscle are you assessing and what would you observe in a normal person?
Sternocleidomastoid
Accessory nerve
Equal ability on each side which equally prominent SCM
What is the action of sternocleidomastoid?
Bilateral contraction will give neck flexion at the C1/C2 junction
Unilateral contraction will give lateral neck flexion and elevation of the chin to the contralateral side.
Which muscle is supplied by the facial nerve and lies in the superficial cervical fascia?
Platysma
The lower mandible and deep tissues around the mouth are the insertions of platysma, what is its origin?
Anterior chest wall
Which neck muscle can be used as an accessory muscle for respiration?
SCM
Muscles above the hyoid are called?
Supra-hyoid muscles
Infra-hyoid muscles may also be called?
Strap muscles
Which hyoid muscles do we need to know because with SCM they make the carotid traingle?
Omohyoid and digastric (two muscle bellies one ant and one post- it is the posterior belly that contributes to the triangle)
