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Chem 102 > Muscles Histology > Flashcards

Muscles Histology Flashcards

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1
Q

Skeletal muscle cell

A

Attached to bones
Voluntary
Striated

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2
Q

Smooth muscle cell

A

Around visceral organs
Involuntary
No striated

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3
Q

Scarcolemma

A

Cell membrane

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4
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cell cytoplasm

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5
Q

Multinucleate

A

Many nuclei

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6
Q

Mitochondria

A

Many bc muscles need to make ATP

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7
Q

Myofibrils

A

Rod-like organelles in Sarcoplasma

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8
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Cell’s ER; wrapped around the Myofibrils

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9
Q

Myofilaments

A

Thin actin

Thick myosin

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10
Q

Fascicles

A

Many muscle fiber cells

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11
Q

Endomysium

A

In muscle, surrounds each muscle cell or fiber

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12
Q

Perimysium

A

Around each bundle (fascicle) of muscle cells

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13
Q

Epimysium

A

Outter coating of the entire muscle

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14
Q

Muscles connected to bones by

A

Tendons or aponeurosis

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15
Q

Fascia

A

Connective tissue in the body like sausage casing .

Extremely strong

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16
Q

Order of muscle cell

A 
Myofilaments 
Myofibrils 
Muscle cell - muscle fiber 
Fascicle 
Muscle organ
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17
Q

Muscle names based on :

A 
Location 
Shape
Size
Direction of fibers 
Number of origins 
Location of attachments 
Actions
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18
Q

How muscles in human body?

A

600

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19
Q

Muscle Origin

A

The immovable bone the muscle is attached to

Bone that anchors muscle

20
Q

Muscle insertion

A

The bone that moves when the muscle contracts

Bone the muscle pulls on

21
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Insertion - ulna
Origin - scapula
Action - flexes forearm

22
Q

Deltoid

A

Insertion - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Origin - clavicle & scapula
Action - abducts arm , flexes, extends and rotates arm

23
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Insertion - greater tubercle of humerus
Origin - clavicle, sternum and rib cartilages
Action - adducts and rotates arm

24
Q

Latissimus Doris

A

Insertion - intertubercular groove of humerus
Origin - lower vertebrae & posterior iliac crest laterally
Action - adducts & rotates arm

25
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Insertion - tibia
Origin -
Action - extends thigh

26
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Insertion - olecranon process
Origin - scapula & posterior humerus
Action - extends forearm

27
Q

Rectus femoris (quads)

A

Insertion - tibial tuberosity
Origin - anterior inferior iliac spine
Action - flexes thigh , extends leg

28
Q

Biceps femoris (hamstring)

A

Insertion - tibial tuberosity
Origin - anterior inferior iliac spine
Action - flexes thigh , extends leg

29
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Insertion -
Origin -
Action -

30
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Insertion - first metatarsal

Origin - tibia

31
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Insertion - mastoid
Origin - sternum and clavicle
Action - flexes and turns head

32
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

Insertion - inferior area of sternum
Origin - pubic area of hips
Action - flexes or bends vertebral column

33
Q

Abduction

A

Away from body

34
Q

Addiction

A

Add to body

35
Q

Rotation

A

Move around its own axis can be lateral or medial

36
Q

Circumduction

A

Move distal wand in circle

37
Q

Flexion

A

Decreases angle of joint

38
Q

Extension

A

Increases angle of joint

39
Q

Antagonistic muscles perform opposite actions

A
  • Biceps and triceps

- masseter and digastric

40
Q

Synergists muscle perform same action

A

Gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle

41
Q

Quadriceps

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius (underneath rectus)

42
Q

Hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranous

43
Q

Cardiac muscle cell

A

Heart
Involuntary
Striated

44
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin - lateral and medial condyles of femur
Insertion - clacaneus
Action - plantar flexion

45
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Origin - anterior tibia
Insertion - superior tarsals
Action - dorsiflexes

Chem 102 (3 decks)

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