Muscles and Movement Flashcards
What are the 3 muscle types?
- Smooth Muscle
- Cardiac Muscle
- Skeletal Muscle
What is smooth muscle?
- Involuntary
- Controlled by the autonomic nervous system
- E.g. Gut, uterus, bladder, blood vessels, diaphragm
- short, spindle, shaped cells, no cross-striations
What is the structure of smooth muscle?
- short, spindle, shaped cells, no cross-striations
What are examples of smooth muscle?
- E.g. Gut, uterus, bladder, blood vessels, diaphragm
What is cardiac muscle?
- Only found in the heart walls
- contains atrial, ventricular, and excitotory muscle fibres
- cells are highly branched with toughened cell membrane called intercalated discs.
What is the structure of cardiac muscles?
- cells are highly branched with toughened cell membrane called intercalated discs.
Where is cardiac muscle found?
- in the heart walls
What is the structure of skeletal muscle?
- contains a lot of mitochondria
- muliti-nucleate
-sarcoplasmic recticulum - myofribrils - contains sarcomeres which contains actin and myosin
How is smooth muscle stimulated?
- Autonomic system
How does smooth muscle appear under the microscope?
- spindle shaped
- squashed, short
- unucleate
What is the activity of the smooth muscles like?
- Slow to fatigue, involuntary
How is the skeletal muscle stimulated?
- Somatic nervous system
How does skeletal muscle appear under the microscope?
- elongated, banded fibres
What is the activity of the skeletal muscles like?
- fatigue, quickly
- voluntary
What are examples of where the skeletal muscle is found?
- diaphragm
How is the cardiac muscle stimulated?
- autonomic nervous system
- SAN
How does skeletal muscle appear under the microscope?
- Interconnected network
What is the activity of the skeletal muscles like?
- rhymical contractions
What are examples of where the skeletal muscle is found?
- heart wall
Where in the thorax is involuntary muscle found?
- intenstines
Where in the thorax is voluntary muscle found?
- diaphragm/ intercostal muscle
Where in the thorax is cardiac muscle found?
- heart
What is the cellular structure of voluntary skeletal muscle?
- straited/ bands of actin
What is the cellular structure of involuntary skeletal muscle?
- unstraited
- spindle shaped
What is the cellular structure of cardiac muscle?
- straited/branched cells/ uninucleated
What is the cellular function of voluntary skeletal muscle?
- to moves/ bones/ skeleton
What is the cellular function of involuntary skeletal muscle?
- controlling diameter of arteries/ arterioles
What is the cellular function of cardiac muscle?
- to pump blood
