Muscles and Fibres

Question 1

Muscles

Answer 1

Muscles work in pairs to produce co-ordinated movement with each muscle taking on a different role depending on the action.

Question 2

Agonist

Answer 2

A muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint. Also known as the prime mover.

Question 3

Antagonist

Answer 3

A muscle that opposes the agonist and relaxes providing a resistance for co-ordinating movement

Question 4

Fixator

Answer 4

A muscle that stabilises one part of the body while another causes movement

Question 5

Muscle contraction

Isotonic

Answer 5

The agonist contracts (or lengthens) according to the demands of the movement.

Question 6

Muscle contraction

Concentric

Answer 6

The agonist shortens (contracts) as it activates.

The antagonist lengthens as it relaxes.

Question 7

Muscle Contraction

Eccentric

Answer 7

The agonist lengthens as it is activated.
The antagonist shortens and is relaxed.
For example : The downward moving part of a jump squat or tucking motion.

Question 8

Muscle contraction

Isometric

Answer 8

Pushing against a fixed object

Muscle does not change length

Question 9

What are the 2 main types of muscle fibres ?

Answer 9

Slow Twitch Fibres

Fast Twitch Fibres

Question 10

Slow Twitch Fibres (Type 1)

Answer 10

Designed for aerobic activity.
Use oxygen to provide a small amount of tension over a long period of time as they are resistant to fatigue.
Performers in endurance events tend to have a high % of slow twitch fibres.
They contain a large amount of mitochondria and myoglobin

Question 11

Fast switch fibres (Type 2)

Answer 11

Designed for anaerobic exercise.
Produce a large amount of force in a short time, as they fatigue easily.
Performers in power events tent to have a high % of fast twitch fibres.
Mid to Low amount of mitoyane myoglobin depending on type of fibre due to being fuelled anaerobically.

Question 12

2 types of fast twitch muscle fibres.

Answer 12

Fast oxidative glycolytic fibres

Fast glycolytic fibres.