Muscles Flashcards
What muscles are in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th layer?
1st layer: Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi muscle
2nd layer: Quadratus plantae, lumbricals
3rd layer: flexor hallucis brevis, abductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
4th layer: plantar and dorsal interossei
What muscles does the tibial nerve innovate?
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus
What muscles does the superficial fibular nerve innovate?
Fibularis longus, fib brevis
What muscles does the deep fibular nerve innovate?
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius
What muscles are innovated by the lateral plantar nerve?
Abductor digiti minimi, Quadratus plantae, 2-4 lumbricals, Adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, plantar & dorsal interossei
What muscles are innovated by the medial plantar nerve?
Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, 1st lumbrical, flexor hallucis brevis,
What is the OIAN of tibialis anterior?
O = proximal 2/3 lateral tibia & adjoining interosseous membrane I = medial and plantar surfaces of the medial cuneiform and 1st met base A = invert and dorsiflex foot N = deep fib
What is the OIAN of extensor hallucis longus?
O = medial 1/3 medial fibula and adjoining interosseous membrane I = dorsal base of the distal phalanx of the hallux A = dorsiflex & invert foot, extend IPJ of hallux and 1st MTPJ N = deep fib
What is the OIAN of the extensor digitorum longus?
O = medial 2/3 proximal medial fibula and lateral tibial condyle I = tendon spilts into 4 at the inferior extensor retinaculum and become dorsal digital expansions and insert into the dorsal middle and distal phalanx toes 2-5 A = everts and dorsiflex foot, extend toes 2-5 at the proximal and distal IPJ and MPJ N = deep fib
What is the OIAN of the fibularis tertius?
O = 1/3 distal medial fibular and adjoining interosseous membrane I = dorsal base and proximal shaft of the 5th metatarsal A = evert and dorsiflex N = deep fib
What is OIAN of the fibularis longus?
O = proximal 2/3 lateral fibula I = plantar aspect of the medial cuneiform and 1st met base A = evert and plantarflex foot N = superficial fib
What is the OIAN of the fibularis brevis?
O - distal 2/3 lateral fibula
I - lateral aspect styloid process
A - evert and plantarflex foot
N - superficial fib
What is the OIAN of the gastrocnemius?
O - medial head = posterior surface medial condyle of femur
lateral head = lateral surface of the lateral condyle of femur
I - forms part of the achilles tendon - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus
A - plantar flex foot and flex knee
N - tibial S1, S2
What is the OIAN of the soleus?
O - soleal line, tendinous arch, proximal 1/3 posterior fibular, middle 1/3 medial tibia
I - forms part of the achilles tendon - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus
A - plantar flex foot
N - tibial S1, S2
What is the OIAN of the plantaris?
O - inferior to lateral supracondylar line of femur
I - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus medial side of achilles tendon
A - weak plantar flex ankle, weak knee flex
N - tibial S1, S2
What is the OIAN of the popliteus?
O - lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle
I - superior to soleal line posterior tibia
A - rotate femur on fixed tibia, ‘unlock’ extended knee
N - tibial L4, L5, S1
What is the OIAN of the flexor digitorum longus?
O - distal to soleal line and medial to vertical line posterior tibia, middle 2/4ths
I - plantar base of distal phalanx toes 2-5 (tendon spilts in 4 at navicular)
A - flex 2-5 IPJ & MPJ, plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial S2, S3
What is the OIAN of the tibialis posterior?
O - proximal 2/3 posterior interosseous membrane and adjacent posterior surfaces of the tibia and fibula
I - navicular tuberosity, all cuneiforms, cuboid, 2-4 met bases
A - plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial L4, L5
What is the OIAN of the flexor hallucis longus?
O - distal 2/3 posterior fibula and adjoining interosseous membrane
I - plantar base of distal phalanx of hallux
A - flex hallux IPJ and 1st MTPJ, plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial S2, S3
What is the OIAN of the extensor digitorum brevis?
O - anterior-lateral dorsal calcaneus, anterior to sinus tarsi
I - dorsal base proximal phalanx of the hallux and lateral side of 2-4 dorsal digital expansions
A - extend toes 1-4
N - deep fibular L5, S1
What is the OIAN of the abductor hallucis?
O - medial process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - medial base proximal phalanx of the hallux
A - abduction and plantarflexion of hallux
N - medial plantar
*1st layer
What is the OIAN of the flexor digitorum brevis?
O - medial process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - plantar shaft of middle phalanx of toes 2-5 (FDB tendon spilts for FDL tendon to pass through)
A - plantar flexion proximal IPJ toes 2-5
N - medial plantar
*1st layer
What is the OIAN of the abductor digiti minimi muscle?
O - medial and lateral process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - lateral base proximal phalanx 5th toe
A - abduct and plantarflex 5th toe at MPJ
N - lateral plantar
*1st layer
What is the OIAN of the quadratus plantae?
O - medial head medial plantar calcaneus
lateral head lateral plantar calcaneus *both anterior to tuberosity
I - FDL just proximal to division into 4 tendons
A - straightens line of pull of FDL
N - lateral plantar
*2nd layer
