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Pod Med 2 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles are in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th layer?

A

1st layer: Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi muscle
2nd layer: Quadratus plantae, lumbricals
3rd layer: flexor hallucis brevis, abductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
4th layer: plantar and dorsal interossei

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2
Q

What muscles does the tibial nerve innovate?

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus

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3
Q

What muscles does the superficial fibular nerve innovate?

A

Fibularis longus, fib brevis

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4
Q

What muscles does the deep fibular nerve innovate?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius

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5
Q

What muscles are innovated by the lateral plantar nerve?

A

Abductor digiti minimi, Quadratus plantae, 2-4 lumbricals, Adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, plantar & dorsal interossei

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6
Q

What muscles are innovated by the medial plantar nerve?

A

Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, 1st lumbrical, flexor hallucis brevis,

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7
Q

What is the OIAN of tibialis anterior?

A 
O = proximal 2/3 lateral tibia & adjoining interosseous membrane 
I = medial and plantar surfaces of the medial cuneiform and 1st met base 
A = invert and dorsiflex foot 
N = deep fib
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8
Q

What is the OIAN of extensor hallucis longus?

A 
O = medial 1/3 medial fibula and adjoining interosseous membrane 
I = dorsal base of the distal phalanx of the hallux
A = dorsiflex & invert foot, extend IPJ of hallux and 1st MTPJ 
N = deep fib
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9
Q

What is the OIAN of the extensor digitorum longus?

A 
O = medial 2/3 proximal medial fibula and lateral tibial condyle 
I = tendon spilts into 4 at the inferior extensor retinaculum and become dorsal digital expansions and insert into the dorsal middle and distal phalanx toes 2-5 
A = everts and dorsiflex foot, extend toes 2-5 at the proximal and distal IPJ and MPJ 
N = deep fib
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10
Q

What is the OIAN of the fibularis tertius?

A 
O = 1/3 distal medial fibular and adjoining interosseous membrane 
I = dorsal base and proximal shaft of the 5th metatarsal 
A = evert and dorsiflex 
N = deep fib
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11
Q

What is OIAN of the fibularis longus?

A 
O = proximal 2/3 lateral fibula
I = plantar aspect of the medial cuneiform and 1st met base
A = evert and plantarflex foot
N = superficial fib
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12
Q

What is the OIAN of the fibularis brevis?

A

O - distal 2/3 lateral fibula
I - lateral aspect styloid process
A - evert and plantarflex foot
N - superficial fib

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13
Q

What is the OIAN of the gastrocnemius?

A

O - medial head = posterior surface medial condyle of femur
lateral head = lateral surface of the lateral condyle of femur
I - forms part of the achilles tendon - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus
A - plantar flex foot and flex knee
N - tibial S1, S2

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14
Q

What is the OIAN of the soleus?

A

O - soleal line, tendinous arch, proximal 1/3 posterior fibular, middle 1/3 medial tibia
I - forms part of the achilles tendon - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus
A - plantar flex foot
N - tibial S1, S2

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15
Q

What is the OIAN of the plantaris?

A

O - inferior to lateral supracondylar line of femur
I - inserts mid 1/3 posterior calcaneus medial side of achilles tendon
A - weak plantar flex ankle, weak knee flex
N - tibial S1, S2

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16
Q

What is the OIAN of the popliteus?

A

O - lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle
I - superior to soleal line posterior tibia
A - rotate femur on fixed tibia, ‘unlock’ extended knee
N - tibial L4, L5, S1

17
Q

What is the OIAN of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

O - distal to soleal line and medial to vertical line posterior tibia, middle 2/4ths
I - plantar base of distal phalanx toes 2-5 (tendon spilts in 4 at navicular)
A - flex 2-5 IPJ & MPJ, plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial S2, S3

18
Q

What is the OIAN of the tibialis posterior?

A

O - proximal 2/3 posterior interosseous membrane and adjacent posterior surfaces of the tibia and fibula
I - navicular tuberosity, all cuneiforms, cuboid, 2-4 met bases
A - plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial L4, L5

19
Q

What is the OIAN of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

O - distal 2/3 posterior fibula and adjoining interosseous membrane
I - plantar base of distal phalanx of hallux
A - flex hallux IPJ and 1st MTPJ, plantar flex and invert foot
N - tibial S2, S3

20
Q

What is the OIAN of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

O - anterior-lateral dorsal calcaneus, anterior to sinus tarsi
I - dorsal base proximal phalanx of the hallux and lateral side of 2-4 dorsal digital expansions
A - extend toes 1-4
N - deep fibular L5, S1

21
Q

What is the OIAN of the abductor hallucis?

A

O - medial process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - medial base proximal phalanx of the hallux
A - abduction and plantarflexion of hallux
N - medial plantar

*1st layer

22
Q

What is the OIAN of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

O - medial process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - plantar shaft of middle phalanx of toes 2-5 (FDB tendon spilts for FDL tendon to pass through)
A - plantar flexion proximal IPJ toes 2-5
N - medial plantar

*1st layer

23
Q

What is the OIAN of the abductor digiti minimi muscle?

A

O - medial and lateral process calcaneal tuberosity and adjoining plantar fascia
I - lateral base proximal phalanx 5th toe
A - abduct and plantarflex 5th toe at MPJ
N - lateral plantar

*1st layer

24
Q

What is the OIAN of the quadratus plantae?

A

O - medial head medial plantar calcaneus
lateral head lateral plantar calcaneus *both anterior to tuberosity
I - FDL just proximal to division into 4 tendons
A - straightens line of pull of FDL
N - lateral plantar

*2nd layer

25
Q

What is the OIAN of the lumbricals?

A

O - 1st lumbrical medial side of the FDL tendon to 2nd toe
2-4 medial and lateral sides of FDL tendons to 3-5 toes
I - medial side 2-5 dorsal digital expansions
A - plantarflexion 2-5 MPJ and extension 2-5 IPJS
N - 1st lumbrical - medial plantar
2-4 lumbrical - lateral plantar

26
Q

What is the OIAN of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

O - Y-shaped origin
medial limb tendon to mets from tib and lateral limb plantar cuboid anterior to peroneal grove and lateral cuneiform
*Y origin becomes single tendon which becomes 2 muscle bellies
I - medial and lateral plantar base of proximal phalanx of hallux
A - flexion 1st MPJ
N - medial plantar

*3rd layer

27
Q

What is the OIAN of the adductor hallucis?

A

O - oblique head: plantar 2-4 met bases and fibularis longus tendon sheath
transverse head: 3-5 MPJ plantar ligaments and deep transverse metatarsal ligaments
I - lateral sesamoid and lateral base of proximal phalanx of hallux with FHB
A - oblique and transverse: adduction of hallux
Oblique: flexion of hallux
N - lateral plantar

*3rd layer

28
Q

What is the OIAN of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

O - plantar base 5th metatarsal and fibularis longus tendon sheath and adjoining plantar fascia
I - plantar lateral base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe
A - flexion and abduction of 5th toe at MPJ
N - lateral plantar

*3rd layer

29
Q

What is the OIAN of the plantar interossei?

A

O - base and medial shaft of 3-5 metatarsals
I - medial base proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion toes 3-5
A - adduction of toes 3-5
N - lateral plantar

*4th layer

30
Q

What is the OIAN of the dorsal interossei?

A

O - from the adjacent side of proximal shaft of each inter-metatarsal space *2 heads to each muscle
I - dorsal digital expansions of 2-4 toes
1st DI - medial base of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe
2-4DI - lateral base of proximal phalanx toes 2-4
A - abduction toes 2-4
N - lateral plantar

*4th layer

Pod Med 2 (8 decks)

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