Muscles Flashcards
What are the three types of muscle in the human body? Give a brief explanation for each one
Smooth- Involuntary muscles. Thin and long in appearance and attach to bone
Cardiac- Muscle tissue of the heart, involuntary muscle
Skeletal- all muscles that contract to help us move
What happens during a concentric muscle contraction?
Muscle fibres shorten, producing force and enabling us to move
What happens in an eccentric muscle contraction?
When the muscle lengthens under tension
What is an isometric muscle contraction and what’s an example?
The muscle remains under tension with little changes to muscle length. A plank hold
What does isokinetic mean?
Describes a constant rate, or speed of movement. Eg cycling
What are the two main muscle shapes?
Disinformation and pennate
What are fusiform muscles?
A muscle that has its fibres arrange in series, the fibres are arranged on top of the other and run longitudinally along the muscle belly.
What are pennate muscles?
Pennate muscle fibres are arranged diagonally, usually less than 30 degrees.
What are the three main types of muscle fibres?
Type 1- slow twitch muscle fibre
Type 2a- fast twitch
Type 2b- also fast twitch
What are prime movers?
The muscles that are primarily responsible for a movement
What are antagonists?
Muscles that directly oppose a movement, to prevent excessive movement of limbs
What is the outer layer of convective tissue of a muscle called?
The epimysium
What is the role of the outer muscle layer (epimysium)?
Helps contain the muscle fibres and prevents friction
What is the muscle fascicle and the perimysium?
The muscle fascicle is a bunch of individual muscle fibres enveloped in connective tissue, this connective tissue is called the perimysium
