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BMS101 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

The four unique characteristics of muscle tissue

A

Excitability, contractility, contractability and extensibility

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2
Q

Levels of muscle organization

A

Myofilaments, Myofibrils, Muscle fibre, fasicle

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3
Q

Endomysium

A

Innermost layer of areolar CT that surrounds and insulates each muscle fiber

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4
Q

Perimysium

A

Dense irregular CT surrounding the fasicle

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5
Q

Epimysium

A

Dense irregular CT surrounding the entire muscle

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6
Q

Fascia

A

Sheets of connective tissue surrounding muscle

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7
Q

Deep vs superficial fascia

A

Deep fascia separates muscles, superficial fascia separates muscle from skin

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8
Q

Sarcolemma

A

The membrane of muscle cells

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9
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

The cytoplasm of muscle cells

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10
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth ER

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11
Q

Sarcomere

A

The functional contractive unit of muscle cells

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12
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Found almost exclusively in the heart. Autorhythmic

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13
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Muscle type found in walls of organs and blood vessels

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14
Q

Muscle tone

A

Constant tension in resting muscles

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15
Q

Agonist or prime mover

A

Produces a specific movement when it contracts

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16
Q

Antagonist

A

Muscle that opposes the movement of an agonist

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17
Q

Synergist

A

Muscle that aids an agonist

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18
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Circular muscle around the mouth

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19
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Circular muscles around eyes

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20
Q

Temporalis

A

Masticatory muscle over temporal bone, elevates mandible

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21
Q

Massetor

A

Masticatory muscle from zygomatic bone to mandible, elevates mandible

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22
Q

Buccinator

A

Muscle in cheeks , push food into teeth

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23
Q

Medial and lateral pterygoid

A

Muscles behind zygomatic bone that move the mandible side to side

24
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Long muscles in the sides of the neck that allow for head rotation and flexion

25
Q

Erector Spinae

A

Set of three muscles on each side of the vertebral column that work to maintain posture

26
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Lateral most of the Erector Spinae, runs from sacrum to ribs up to the scapula

27
Q

Longissimus

A

Longest and middle of the Erector Spinae, runs entire length of the vertebral column

28
Q

Spinalis

A

Innermost erector spinae, inserts into spinous process of vertebrae

29
Q

External intercostals

A

Elevates ribs during inhalation. Between ribs, lateral to internal intercostals

30
Q

Internal intercostals

A

Depress ribs during forced exhalation, between ribs, medial to the external intercostals

31
Q

Diaphragm

A

Major muscle of respiration, a dome shaped muscle seperating the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, posses a central tendon

32
Q

External oblique

A

Most superficial lateral muscles of the abdominal wall, directed to inferior medial

33
Q

Imternal Oblique

A

Middle of the lateral layers of the abdominal wall, directed to the superior medial

34
Q

Transverse abdominus

A

Deepest of the three lateral layers of the abdominal wall, directed horizontally

35
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

Medial section of the abdominal wall, connects sternum to pubic bone

36
Q

Trapezius

A

Triangular muscle over shoulder and up the neck, elevates, retracts and depresses scapula

37
Q

Extrinsic muscles

A

Muscles that have their orign away from the structure they move

38
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Muscle originating on the spine and inserting on the humerus to extend, adduct and rotate the shoulder

39
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Runs from sternum to humerus, flexs, adducts and rotates the shoulder

40
Q

Deltoid

A

Sits over shoulder, triangular, flexion abduction and extension

41
Q

Teres Major

A

Sits under arm, extension, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder

42
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Runs along posterior of the humerus, extension of shoulder and elbow joints

43
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Runs along the anterior of the upper arm, flexion of shoulder and elbow joints

44
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Four muscles on the surface of the scapula, subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor. Stabilize the shoulder

45
Q

What other muscles exist in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

Brachialis and Brachioradialis

46
Q

Flexor carpiulnaris and flexor carpiradialis

A

Muscles running parallel to forearm bones to flex the wrist

47
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Runs through forearm to extend fingers

48
Q

Sartorius

A

Long thin muscles running down the anterior of the thigh from pelvis to tibia. Hip flexor and lateral rotation

49
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

A group of muscles in the legs anterior compartment that allow for knee extension

50
Q

Muscles of the quadriceps femoris

A

Vastus lateralis on the lateral side, vastus medials on the medial side, vastus intermedius in between and rectus femoris in front

51
Q

Gluteal group

A

Muscles in the gluteal region that extend, abduct and rotate the hip joint

52
Q

Muscles of the gluteal group

A

Starting deep and small and working out; gluteus minimus, gluteal medius and gluteal maximus

53
Q

Hamstrings

A

Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment that extend the hip and flex the knee.

54
Q

Muscles of the hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris on the lateral aspect, semitendinosus and semimembranosus on the medial size

55
Q

Triceps Surae

A

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg, plantar flex the foot. Comprised of Gastrocnemius and Soleus

56
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

A muscle on the anterior of the leg, dorsiflexion of the foot

BMS101 (13 decks)

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