Digestive system Flashcards
Digestive system
Organ system responsible for food ingestion, transport, digestion, absorption and excretion
Organs of the gastrointestinal tract
Oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine
Gingirae
Gums
Labial frenulum
Thin mucosa fold attaching the internal surface of the lips to the gingirae
Uvula
Structure extending posteriorly from the soft palate which extends during swallowing to close off the nasopharynx
Fauces
The throat, the opening between the oral cavity and oropharynx
Structures laterally binding the fauces
Palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch between which the palatine tonsils are housed
Lingual frenulum
Mucous membrane conecting the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
Bolus
An easy to digest globular mass of ingested food
Gustation
The sense of taste, the responsibility of gustatory cell located in taste buds
Papillae
Small rounded projections on the surface of organs, such as taste buds
Parotid salivary glands
Largest salivary glands located anterior and inferior to the ears. A duct runs parallel to the zygomatic arch, piercing the buccinator muscle. It secrets 25-30% of saliva and amylase
Submandibular salivary glands
Reside inferior to the mandible, produce 60-70% of saliva. A submandibular duct transports saliva to each side of the lingual frenulum
Sublingual salivary glands
Inferior to the tongue, produce 3-5% of saliva. Extends multiple tiny ducts to the inferior surface of the oral cavity
Dentition
The teeth collectively, made up of an exposed crown, a constricted neck and one or more roots. Comprised primarily of dentin, covered externally in enamel. Covered in the roots by cementum. The center of the teeth is pulp.
Apical foramen
Opening in the root canal to the pulp through which blood vessels and nerves run
Mesial surface
Towards the midline
Distal surface
Towards the back of the mouth
Buccal surface
Towards the cheek
Labial surface
Towards the lips
Lingual surface
Towards the tongue
Occlusal surface
Where upper and lower teeth meet
Deciduous teeth
20 teeth that erupt between 6 and 30 months and later fall out
Permanent teeth
32 teeth that replace the deciduous teeth
