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Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

O - Gluteal surface of ilium (posterior to posterior gluteal line), posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
I - Iliotibial band, gluteal tuberosity of femur (some fibres)
NS - Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
A - Extends thigh, assists lateral rotation, standing, climbing stairs

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2
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

O - Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I - Lateral surface of greater trochanter
NS - Superior gluteal (L5-S1)
A - Abducts and medially rotates thigh, stabilises pelvis during gait

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3
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

O - Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I - Anterior surface of greater trochanter
NS - Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)
A - Abducts and medially rotates thigh, stabilises pelvis during gait

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4
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

A

O - ASIS, anterior iliac crest
I - Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
NS - Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)
A - Abduct and medially rotate thigh, flexion of thigh

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5
Q

Piriformis

A

O - Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
I - Superior border of the greater trochanter
NS - Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)
A - Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum

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6
Q

Obturator Internus

A

O - Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
I - Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
NS - Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
A - Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum

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7
Q

Superior Gemellus

A

O - Ischial spine
I - Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
NS - Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
A - Laterally rotates entended thigh, abducts flexed thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum

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8
Q

Inferior Gemellus

A

O - Ischial tuberosity
I - Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
NS - Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
A - Laterally rotates entended thigh, abducts flexed thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum

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9
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

O - Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I - Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur
NS - Nerve to quadratus femoris
A - Laterally rotates thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum

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10
Q

Pectineus

A

O - Pectineal line of superior pubic ramus
I - Pectineal line of femur
NS - Femoral nerve
A - Adducts and flexes thigh, assists medial rotation

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11
Q

Psoas

A

O - T12, L1-L5 transverse processes and intervertebral discs
I - Lesser trochanter
NS - Anterior rami lumber nerves (L1-L3)
A - Flex thigh, stabilise hip, flex and sidebend trunk

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12
Q

Iliacus

A

O - Iliac crest and fossa, sacral ala
I - Lesser trochanter
NS - Femoral nerve
A - Flex thigh, stabilise hip

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13
Q

Sartorius

A

O - ASIS
I - Pes anserinus (superior medial tibia)
NS - Femoral nerve (L2-L3)
A - Flexion, abduction, internal rotation of hip, slight knee flexion (with medial rotation)

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14
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

O - AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
I - Quadriceps tendon to base of patella, patella ligament to tibial tubersoity
NS - Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
A - Extend knee, assist hip flexion

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15
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

O - Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
I - Quadriceps tendon and lateral retinaculum
NS - Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
A - Extend knee

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16
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

O - Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur
I - Quadriceps tendon to base of patella, patella ligament to tibial tubersoity
NS - Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
A - Extend knee

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17
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

O - Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
I - Quadriceps tendon and medial retinaculum
NS - Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
A - Extend knee

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18
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O - Ischial tuberosity
I - Pes anserinus
NS - Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
A - Extends thigh, flexes knee and medially rotates leg when knee is flexed, extend trunk when leg is fixed

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19
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O - Ischial tuberosity
I - Posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle and oblique popliteal ligament
NS - Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
A - Extends thigh, flexes knee and medially rotates leg when knee is flexed, extend trunk when leg is fixed

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20
Q

Biceps Femoris (Long head)

A

O - Ischial tuberosity
I - Lateral side of fibular head
NS - Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
A - Extend thigh, flexes knee and laterally rotates leg when knee is flexed

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21
Q

Biceps Femoris (Short head)

A

O - Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
I - Lateral side of fibular head
NS - Common fibulrar division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
A - Extend thigh, flexes knee and laterally rotates leg when knee is flexed

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22
Q

Adductor Longus

A

O - Body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest
I - Middle third of linea aspera of femur
NS - Obturator nerve (branch of anterior division) (L2-L4)
A - Adducts thigh

23
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

O - Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I - Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera
NS - Obturator nerve (branch of anterior division) (L2-L4)
A - Adducts thigh, mild flexion

24
Q

Adductor Magnus (Adductor Part)

A

O - Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
I - Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
NS - Obturator nerve (posterior division) (L2-L4)
A - Adducts thigh, some flexion

25
Adductor Magnus (Hamstrings Part)
O - Oschial tuberosity I - Adductor tubercle of femur NS - Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4) A - Extends thigh
26
Gracilis
O - Body and inferior ramus of pubis I - Pes anserinus NS - Obturator nerve (L2-L3) A - Adducts the thigh, flexes knee, weak medial rotation
27
Obturator Externus
O - External surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone I - Trochanteric fossa of femur NS - Obturator nerve (L3-L4) A - External roation of thigh, stabilises femoral head in acetabulum
28
Tibialis Anterior
O: Lateral tibial condyle; superior 1/2 lateral tibia and interosseous membrane I: Medial and and inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal NS: Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5) A: Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts the foot
29
Extensor Digitorum Longus
O: Lateral tibial condyle; superior 3/4 of the medial surface of fibula; adjacent interosseous membrane I: Extensor expansion, middle and distal phalanges lateral 4 toes NS: Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5) A: Extends the lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle
30
Extensor Hallucis Longus
O: Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane I: Dorsal surface, base of distal phalanx (1st digit) NS: Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5) A: Extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle
31
Fibularis Tertius
O: Inferior 1/3 anterior surface of fibula, adjacent interosseous membrane I: Dorsal base of 5th metatarsal NS: Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5) A: Dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion
32
Fibularis Longus
O: Head and superior 2/3 lateral fibula I: Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform NS: Superficial fibular nerve (L5-S2) A: Everts foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilise leg on foot
33
Fibularis Brevis
O: Inferior 2/3 lateral fibula I: Tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal NS: Superficial fibular nerve (L5-S2) A: Evert foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilise leg on foot
34
Gastrocnemius
O: Lateral head: lateral side of lateral femoral condyle Medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle (larger head) I: Posterior suface of calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon NS: Tibial nerve (S1-S2) A: Plantarflexion of ankle when knee is extended, raises heel during walking, flexes knee
35
Soleus
O: Posterior head and superior 1/4 of fibula, soleal line and middle 1/3 of the medial border of tibia, tendinous arch extending between bony attachments I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon NS: Tibial nerve (S1-S2) A: Plantarflexes ankle
36
Plantaris
O: Inferior part of lateral supracondylar line of the femur, oblique popliteal ligament I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon (or separate tendon) NS: Tibial nerve (S1-S2) A: Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle and flexing knee
37
Popliteus
O: Lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus I: Posterior surface of the tibia, superior to soleal line NS: Tibial nerve (L4-S1) A: Knee flexion, lateral rotation of femur, medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
38
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: Medial part of posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line and by broad tendon to the fibula I: Bases of the distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits NS: Tibial nerve (S2-S3) A: Flexes lateral 4 digits, plantarflexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches of the foot
39
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O: Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of the fibula, some adjacent interosseous membrane I: Base of the distal phalanx of the great toe NS: Tibial nerve (S2-S3) A: Flexes great toe, weak ankle plantarflexor, supports medial longitudinal arch of the foot
40
Tibialis Posterior
O: Interosseous membrane; posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line; posterior fibula I: Tuberosity of the navicular; cuneiforms; cuboid; sustentaculum tali of calcaneus; bases of the 2nd-4th metatarsals NS: Tibial nerve (L4-L5) A: Plantarflexes the ankle and inverts the foot, supports medial longitudinal arch
41
Abductor Hallucis
O: Medial aspect calcaneal tuberosity I: Medial side of base proximal phalanx (hallux) NS: Medial Plantar Nerve (S1-S2) A: Abduction, flexion of MTP joint, support medial longitudinal arch
42
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
O: Calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis I: Base of middle phalanges (digits 2-5) NS: Medial Plantar Nerve A: Flexion of MTP and IP joints of digits 2-5
43
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O: Calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis I: Lateral side of base proximal phalanx (5th digit) NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1-S3) A: Abduction, flexion of MTP joint
44
Quadratus Plantae
O: Anterior calcaneus, long plantar ligament I: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1-S3) A: Assists flexor digitorum longus
45
Lumbricals
O: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus I: Dorsal aponeurosis and medial side extensor expansions NS: 1st - Medial Plantar Nerve (S2-S3) 2nd-4th - Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2-S3) A: Flexes MTP joints, extends IP joints
46
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
O: Base of 5th met, long plantar ligament I: Lateral side of base proximal phalanx (5th digit) NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2-S3) A: Flexes 5th MTP joint
47
Dorsal Interossei (4)
O: 2 heads between adjacent mets I: Bases of proximal phalanges (2-4) NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve A: Abduction from 2nd digit (2nd digit has 2 dorsal interossei)
48
Plantar Interossei (3)
O: Base and medial borders of mets 3-5 I: Medial base of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions (digits 3-5) NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve A: Adduction towards 2nd digit
49
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
O: Superolateral surface of calcaneus I: Base of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion (hallux) NS: Deep Fibular Nerve (L5-S1) A: Extends 1st MTP joint
50
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
O: Superolateral surface of calcaneus I: Bases of middle phalanges and extensor expansions (digits 2-4) NS: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4-S1) A: Extends MTP and IP joints (digits 2-4)
51
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
O: Cuboid, lateral cuneiform, medial side 1st met, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament I: Medial and lateral sides of the proximal phalanx (hallux) NS: Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerves A: Flexion of MTP joint (1st digit)
52
Opponens Digiti Minimi
O: Long plantar ligament, tendon of Fibularis Longus I: Lateral shaft of the 5th met NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve
53
Adductor Hallucis
O: Oblique: Bases of mets 2-4 Transverse: Heads of mets 3-5 I: Base of lateral proximal phalanx (hallux) NS: Lateral Plantar Nerve A: Adducts hallux, flexes 1st MTP joint, supports medial and transverse arches of the foot

Lower Limb (11 decks)

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