Muscles

Question 1

Types of Muscle: skeletal

Answer 1

Attach and cover bony skeleton
Serve as link between the body and external environment
Voluntary: conscious control of (apart from reflexes)

Appears striated(striped) under microscope
Long cylindrical fibre
Many peripherally located nuclei

Question 2

Types of Muscle: Cardiac

Answer 2

The heart. Provides the force that moves blood throughout body

Branched cylindrical fibre
One centrally located nucleus
Intercalated discs join fibres
Striated

Question 3

Types of Muscle: smooth

Answer 3

Walls of visceral organs(stomach and bladder), pupil of eye, uterine walls and blood vessels

Helps regulate internal environment

Spindle shaped fibres
One centrally located nucleus
Non striated

Involuntary

Question 4

Breakdown of skeletal muscle

Answer 4

Muscle
Fascicles (groups of muscle fibres)
Muscle fibres
Myofibrils
Myofilaments
Sarcomeres

Question 5

Antagonistic muscles

Answer 5

Pair of muscles in which one of the pair produces the movement of bones in one direction while the other produces movement in opposite direction

Question 6

Origin

Answer 6

the end of the muscle fixed to the stationary bone

Question 7

Insertion

Answer 7

Attachment of the end of the muscle to the moveable bone

Question 8

Agonist

Answer 8

Muscle that causes a desired action

Question 9

Antagonist

Answer 9

Muscle that yielded to the agonist

Question 10

Synergists

Answer 10

Muscles that indirectly help by stabilising/steadying a joint

Question 11

Fixator

Answer 11

Are Synergists muscles that immobilise a joint and stop it from moving

Question 12

Characteristics of muscle

Answer 12

Excitability: receive and respond to stimuli

Contractibility: can shorten unlike other tissues

Extensibility: can stretch beyond resting length when relaxed

Elasticity: muscle will recoil to resting length after stretching.