Muscles Flashcards
Zygomaticus
Origin: Zygomatic
Insertion: Angle of mouth; upper lip
Action: draws corners of mouth back and up
Buccinator*
Origin: Maxillary bone and mandible
Insertion: blends into fibers of orbicularis oris
Action: compresses cheek
Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: lateral surface of mandible
Action: elevates mandible
Temporalis*
Origin: along temporal lines of skull
Insertion: coronoid process
Action: elevates mandible
Platysma
Origin: cartilage of second rib to scapula
Insertion: mandible and skin of cheek
Action: tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible
Sternocleisomastoid
Origin: superior margins of sternum and clavicle
Insertion: mastoid region of skull
Action: both flex neck, alone bends head toward shoulder and turns face
Splenius capitus
Origin: Spinous process of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: mastoid process, skull base, upper cervical vertebrae
Action: both extend neck, alone rotates and flexes head
External Intercostals
Origin: inferior border of each rib
Insertion: superior border of next rib
Action: elevate ribs
External obliques
Origin: lower eight ribs
Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest
Action: compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes or laterally flexes vertebral column
Rectus abdominis
Origin: superior surface of pubis around symphysis
Insertion:binferior surfac of costal cartilages 5-7 and xiphoid process
Action: depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column
Trapezius
Origin: occipital bone and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: clavicle and scapula
Action: elevate, adduct, depress rotate scapula, elevate clavicle, extend or hyperextend the neck
Pectoralis minor*
Chest; ribs/ coracoid process
Deltoid
Origin: clavicle and scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: abduction at shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: extension, adduct and medial rotation at shoulder
Pectoralis major
Origin: cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum, clavicle
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: flexion, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
Supraspinatus*
Origin: supraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: lateral rotation at shoulder
Subscapularis*
DEEP on pecs basically on scapula
Teres major*
Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: intertubercle of humerus
Action: adduction and medial rotation at shoulder
Biceps brachii
Origin: Coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action: flexion at Shoulder and elbow, supination
Triceps brachii
Origin: superior, posterior, and lateral margins of humerus
Insertion: olecranon of ulna, elbow
Action: extension at elbow
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna
Insertion: anterior and lateral surface of radias distal to the radial tuberosity
Action: supination
Flexor digitorum
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, anterior surfaces of ulna and radius, medial and posterior surfaces of ulna
Insertion: distal phalanges
Action. Flexion at finger joints and wrist
Gracilis
Origin: inferior ramps of pubis
Insertion: medial surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle
Action: flexion at knee, adduction and medial rotation at hip
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: iliac crest of ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: extension and lateral rotation at hip
Biceps femoris
Origin: iscial tuberosity and linda aspera of femur
Insertion: head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia,
Action: flexion at knee, extension and lateral rotation at hip
Popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft
Action: rotates tibia, flexion at knee
Vastus lateralis
Origin: anterior and inferior to greater trochanter of femur and along linea aspera
Insertion: tibial tuberosity by way of patellar ligament
Action: extension at knee
Sartorius
Origin: anterior superior spine of ilium
Insertion: medial surface of tibia near tibial tuberosity
Action: flexion at knee, flexion and lateral rotation at hip
Tibialis anterior
Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia
Insertion: base of first metatarsal bone
Action: dorsiflexion, inversion of foot
Gastrocnemius
Origin: femoral condyles
Insertion: calcaneus by way of calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexion at ankle, inversion and adduction of foot, flexion at knee
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: posterior surface of fibula
Insertion: inferior surface, distal phalanx of great toe
Action: extension at joints of great toe
