Muscles Flashcards by jayson sipress

What is Pectoralis Major:
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation
Blood Supple

O: Clavicular head - anterior surface of medial 1/2 clavicle
Sternal Head - anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique
I: Lateral lip IT groove of humerous
A: Add, MR of humerous
(Independently: Clavicular head flexes humerus; Sternal head extends from flexed position)
N: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (Clavicular head = C5, C6; Sternal head = C7, C8, T1)
B: Pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

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What is Pectoralis Minor:
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation 
Bloods Supply

O: 3-5th ribs near costal cartilages
I: Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process
A: Stabilizes scapula by drawing it anterior and inferior against thoracic wall
(Assists in elevation ribs for deep inspiration when pectoral girdle is fixed or elevated)
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
B: Pectoral branches from thoracoacromial trunk

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What is Subclavius:
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation
Blood Supply

O: Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
I: Inferior surface, middle 1/3 clavicle
A: Anchors and depresses clavicle
(Helps clavicle to resist SC joint dislocation)
Innervation: Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)
Blood Supply: Clavicular branches from thoracoacromial trunk

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What is Serratus Anterior (boxer's muscle) 
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation
Blood Supply

O: External surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8
I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
Innervation: LoNg Thoracic Nerve
Blood Supply: LAteral thoracic Artery
Action: Scapular protraction and upward rotation; fixes scapula against thoracic wall (especially when pushing against resistance) Also allows arm to be raised above shoulder

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What are the muscles that make up the flexor compartment of the forearm?
Superficial layer…
Intermediate layer…
Deep layer…
*Which layer(s) cross both elbow and wrist joints? …only crosses wrist?

Superficial = Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris Longus, Flexor carpi ulnaris
Intermediate = Flexor digitorum superficialis
Deep = Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus, Pronator quadratus
*Superficial and intermediate groups cross elbow and wrist; Deep group only crosses wrist

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What is Pronator Teres:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:

O: Ulnar head - coronoid process; Humeral head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
Insertion: Middle of convexity of lateral surface of Radius
Innervation: Median nerve *passes b/t both heads = common site for impingement
Action: Speedy pronation and flexion of forearm

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What is Flexor Carpi Radialis:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:

O: Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
Innervation: Median nerve
Action: Flexion and radial deviation of hand

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What is Palmaris Longus:
O:
I: 
N:
A:

O: Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
I: Distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aponeurosis
N: Median nerve
A: Flexion of hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis

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What is Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:
O:
I:
N:
A:

O: Humeral head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
I: Pisiform, hook of hamate, and 5th metacarpal
N: Ulnar nerve (passes b/t humeral and ulnar heads; known as Cubital Tunnel = possible site of impingement)
A: Flexion and ulnar deviation of hand
*Flexion is produced with FCR

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What is Flexor Digitorum Superficialis:
O:
I:
N:
A:

O: Humeroulnar head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon; Radial head - superior 1/2 anterior border
I: Sharfts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits *via split tendon
N: Median nerve
A: Flexion of proximal interphilangial (PIP); strong flexion of MPs

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What is the Flexor Digitorum Profudus:
O:
I:
N:
A:

O: Meadial and lateral halves- Proximal 3/4 medial and anterior surfaces of Ulna nd interosseous membrane
I: Medial half- bases of distal phalanges of 4th and 5th digits
Lateral half- bases of distal phalages of 2nd and 3rd digits
N: Medial half- Ulnar nerve
Lateral half- Anterior Interosseous nerve
A: Medial half - flexes DIPs of digits 4 & 5
Lateral half - flexes DIPs of digits 2 & 3

Only muscle that can flex DIPs
4 tendons pass through Carpal Tunnel

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What is the Flexor Pollicis Longus:
O: 
I:
N:
A:

O: Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: AIN
A: Flexion of thumb at interphalangeal joint
*Only muscle that flexes interphalangeal joint of thumb

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What is the Pronator Quadratus:
O:
I:
N:
A:

O: Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of Ulna
I: Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of Radius
N: AIN
A: *Prime mover of forearm pronation
Deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

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What is the Biceps Brachii:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Short head - Tip of coracoid process; Long hear - Supraglenoid tubercle and glenoid labrum
I: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
N: Musculocutaneous nerve
B: Brachial artery, anterior circumflex humeral artery
A: Supination of forearm; flexes forearm when supine; short head resists shoulder dislocation

Long head held in place by transverse ligament

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What is the Brachialis:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerous
I: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
N: Musculocutaneous nerve
B: Brachial artery
A: Flexion

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What is Corocobrachialis:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Coracoid process
I: Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus
N: Musculocutaneous nerve
B: Axillary artery
A: Flexion and ADD of arm; resists shoulder dislocation
*Pierced by musculocutaneous nerve

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What is Triceps Brachii:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Long head - Infraglenoid tubercle; Lateral head - posterior surface of humerus Superior to radial groove; Medial head - Posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
I: Proximal end of Olecranon of Ulna
N: Radial nerve
B: Profunda brachii artery
A: Main extensor of forearm
*Medial head = workhorse
Lateral head = strongest

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What is Anconeus:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerous
I: Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
N: Radial nerve
B: Brachial artery
A: Assists with forearm extension

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What is the Deltoind's:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary nerve
B: Anterior/posterior humeral circumflex aa
A: Clavicular fibers = flexion and MR of humorous; Acromial fibers = ABD (15-90 degrees); Spinal fibers = extension and LR/ER of humerus

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What is Teres Major's (Lat's little helper):
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip IT groove of humerus
N: Lower subscapular nerve
B: Thoracodorsal artery
A: ADD and MR of humerus

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What is Supraspinatus's:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

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O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Superior facet greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve
B: Suprascapular and dorsal scapular aa.
A: Initiates ABD of humerus (1st 15 degrees)

What is the only rotator cuff mustcle that does not rotate humerus?

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Supraspinatus

What is the Infraspinatus':
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

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O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Middle facet greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve
B: Suprascapular and circumflex scapular aa
A: LR of humerus

What is Teres Minor's:
O:
I:
N:
B:
A:

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O: Middle part, lateral border of scapula
I: Inferior facet greater tubercle of humerus
N: Axillary nerve
B: Posterior humeral circumflex and circumflex scapular aa
A: LR of humerus

``` What is Subscapularis': O: I: N: B: A: ```

``` O: Subscapular fossa I: Lesser tubercle of humerus N: Upper and lower subscapular nn B: Subscapular artery A: *Most powerful MR of humerus ```

What are the six muscles of the scapulohumeral muscles?

Deltoid, Teres Major, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

SITS) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis

What muscle is the most powerful MR of humerus?

Subscapularis

What make up the boundaries of the Quadrangular Space? | What does it contain?

``` Superior - Teres Minor Inferior - Teres Major Lateral - Humerus Medial - Long head Triceps Brachii Contains Axillary nerve & Posterior Humeral Circumflex artery ```

What make the borders of the Triangular Space? | What does it contain?

Base - long head Triceps Brachii Superior - Teres Minor Inferior - Teres Major Contains Circumflex Scapular artery

What are the boundaries of the Triangular Interval? | What does it contain?

Base - Teres Major Medial - Long head Triceps Brachii Lateral - Lateral head triceps Brachii Contains Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

What are the muscles that make up the Anterior Axioappendicular Muscles?

Pec Major & Minor, Subclavius, Serratus Antrior

What are the three layers of the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Superficial Deep Outcropping

Which muscles make up the superficial layer of the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor carpi ulnaris

What muscles make up the deep layer of the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Supinator and Extensor indicis

What muscles make up the outcropping layer of the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis longus & brevis

``` What is the Brachioradialis: (77) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Proximal 2/3 of supracondylar ridge I: Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process N: Radial nerve A: "Politician muscle" Weak forearm flexion *Does NOT cross wrist joint

``` What is Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus: (79) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge I: Base of 2nd metacarpal N: Radial nerve A: Extension & radial deviation of wrist

``` What is Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis: (78) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon I: Base of 3rd metacarpal N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Extension & radial deviation of wrist

What motion occurs: | Flexor Carpi Radialis + Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (79)

Pure radial deviation

``` What is Extensor Digitorum: (79) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon I: Extensor expansion of medial 4 digits N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Principle extensor of medial 4 digits

``` What is Extensor DIgiti Minimi: "ED's Mom" (80) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon I: DDE of 5th digit N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Extension of 5th digit

``` What is Extensor Carpi Ulnaris: Ed's Crazy Uncle" (80) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon I: Dorsal aspect, base of 5th metacarpal N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Extension and ulnar deviation of wrist

What action occurs: | Extensor Carpi Ulnaris + Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

Ulnar deviation

``` What is the Supinator: O: I: N: A: ```

O: LE, radial colateral & anular ll., supinator fossa, crest of ulna I: Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Supination of forearm

What muscle is the prime mover for slow, unopposed supination?

Supinator

``` What is Extensor Indicis: O: I: N: A: ```

O: Posterior surface of distal 1/3 ulna and interosseous membrane I: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit N: Posterior Interosseous nerve A: Extension of 2nd digit

``` What is Abductor Pollicis Longus: O: I: N: A: ```

O: Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane I: Base of 1st metacarpal N: Posterior Interosseous nerve A: ABD of thumb

When Abductor Pollicis Longus acts with AP Brevis during ABD of thumb, what plane is the thumb in?

Sagittal

``` What is Extensor Pollicis Longus: (82) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Posterior surface middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal aspect, base of distal phalanx of thumb N: PIN A: Extension of distal phalanx; ADD extended thumb

``` What is Extensor Pollicis Brevis: (82) O: I: N: A: ```

O: Posterior surface distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal aspect, base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: PIN A: Extension of proximal phalanx of thumb; helps extend 1st metacarpal

Muscles Flashcards

(51 cards)