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AnaPHY > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Attached to bones

A

Skeletal muscle

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2
Q

Striated and voluntary

A

Skeletal muscle

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3
Q

Located in the heart

A

Cardiac muscle

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4
Q

Striated and involuntary

A

Cardiac muscle

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5
Q

Located in the blood vessels, and hollow organs

A

Smooth muscle

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6
Q

Involuntary and non-striated

A

Smooth muscle

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7
Q

Responsible locomotion, facial
expressions, posture,respiratory movements, other types of body movement

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

The skeletal muscle is controlled by which system?

A

Nervous system

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9
Q

The smooth muscle is controlled by which system?

A

Endocrine system and autonomic nervous system

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10
Q

The smooth muscle is controlled by which system?

A

Endocrine system and autonomic nervous system

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11
Q

Propels urine, mix food in digestive tract

A

Smooth muscle

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12
Q

What muscles are autorhythmic?

A

Cardiac and Smooth muscles

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13
Q

What are the general properties of muscle tissue?

A

Contractibility, Excitability, Extensibility, Elasticity

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14
Q

Ability of the muscle to recoil to its original resting length after it has been stretched

A

Elasticity

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15
Q

The ability to be strecthed beyond its normal resting length and still able to contract

A

Extensibility

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16
Q

Capacity of muscle to respond to a stimulis

A

Excitability

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17
Q

For skeletal muscles, the stimulis to contract is from ____?

A

nerves

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17
Q

Ability of muscle to shorten forcefully or contract

A

Contractibility

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18
Q

Muscle shortening is ___ while muscle lengthening is ____

A

Forceful; Passive

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19
Q

When the skeletal muscles contract it causes ____ ?

A

movement

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20
Q

When the smooth muscle and cardiac muscle contracts there is an ______

A

increase of pressure inside the organ it surrounds

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21
Q

Skeletal muscles contribute to body weight by how many percent?

A

40%

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22
Q

Another name for skeletal muscle

A

Striated muscle

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23
Q

Give me the structure of muscle in order

A
  1. Epimysium
    2.Muscle fasicles
    3.Perimysium
    4.Fasicle
  2. Muscle fibers
  3. Endomysium
  4. myofibrils
    8.myofilaments
  5. sarcollema
  6. sarcoplasm
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24
Q

Myofilaments are composed of 2 major protein fibers

A

actin and myosin

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25
Q

Whole muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called?

A

Epimysium

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26
Q

Each muscle is composed of _____, each of which is surrounded by a connective tissue layer

A

muscle fascicles and perimysium

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27
Q

The fascicles are composed of

A

Muscle fibers/ muscle cells

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28
Q

Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue layer called

A

endomysium

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29
Q

Muscle fibers contain groups of protein fibers called

A

myofibrils

30
Q

Myofibrils are composed of protein filaments

A

myofilaments

31
Q

Muscle fiber consists of a plasma membrane ____, cytoplasm ____, ____ and ____

A

Sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, nuclei and myofibrils

32
Q

The sarcoplasmic reticulum has enlarged sacs called

A

terminal cisternae

33
Q

Two terminal cisternae lie on either side of inward extensions of the sarcolemma called

A

Transverse tubules/ T tubules

34
Q

The two terminal cisternae plus the T tubule which forms a ?

A

Triad

35
Q

T OR F: Does the number of muscle fibers remain constant after birth?

A

True, it remains constant after birth so the enlargement of muscles result from an icnrease in the size of muscle fibers

36
Q

What are the general muscle property of contractility?

A

Myofibrils and myofilaments

37
Q

Thin filaments

A

Actin filaments

38
Q

Thick filaments

A

Myosin

39
Q

Structural and functional units of skeletal muscles

A

Sarcomeres

40
Q

Join end to end to create myofibrils

A

Sarcomeres

41
Q

Mainly composed of actin myofilaments and myosin myofilaments

A

Sarcomeres

42
Q

It anchors the actin myofilaments

A

Z disks

43
Q

It holds the myosin myofilaments in place

A

M place

44
Q

Each sarcomere consists of bands, what are they?

A

Light staining bond/ l-bond and dark-staining bond/A-bond

45
Q

What are the three componets that make up the actin myofilaments

A

Globular actin, troponin, tropomyosin

46
Q

It has an active site for myosin binding durign muscle contraction

A

Globular actin

47
Q

Long, fibrous protein that lies in the groove along the fibrous actin strand

A

Tropomyosin

48
Q

T or F: A muscle can contract until the tropomysoin moves to uncover the active site

A

False, the muscle cannot contract until…

48
Q

Subunit that prevents the tropomyosin from uncovering the G actin sites in relaxed muscles

A

Troponin

48
Q

It blocks the myosin binding sites on the actin filaments

A

Tropomyosin

49
Q

It has binding sites for Ca+

A

Troponin

50
Q

Resembles tiny golf clubs

A

Myosin

51
Q

Myosin heads have?

A

an ATP binding site, ATPase enzymes, attachment spots for actin

52
Q

What happens during the resting membrane potential?

A

Na+ closes, while the K+ some are open

53
Q

What happens during the depolarizaton

A

Na+ opens, while the K+ some are open

54
Q

What happens during repolarization

A

Na+ some are closed, K+ opens

55
Q

Point of contact of moton neuron axon that branches with the muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular Junction

56
Q

A muscle that stimulates each other to contract

A

Smooth muscle

57
Q

A muscle that stimulates each other to contract is a process called?

A

Peristalsis

58
Q

Connects muscles to other muscles

A

Aponeurosis

59
Q

A neurotransmitter in synaptic vesicles

A

Acetylcholine

60
Q

An axon terminal

A

Presynaptic terminal

61
Q

Space between presynaptic terminal and the muscle fiber

A

Synaptic cleft

62
Q

Muscle plasma membrane in the area of the junction

A

Postsynaptic membrane

63
Q

Numerous mitochondria and many small spherical sacs

A

Synaptic vesicles

64
Q

What is the primary function of skeltal muscle fibers?

A

Generate force by contracting or shortening

65
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle contraction?

A

Isometric, isotonic, eccentric contractions

66
Q

There is a muscle tension and causes the muscle to lengthen

A

Eccentric contraction

67
Q

Increase in muscle tension and decrease in length of muscle

A

Isotonic contraction

68
Q

Increase in muscle tension but no change in length of muscle

A

Isometric contraction

69
Q

The heads of the myosin bind to the exposed attachment sites of actin to form a?

A

Cross bridge movement

70
Q

Cross bridge movement is for?

A

Muscle shortening

AnaPHY (4 decks)

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