Muscles

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid origin

Answer 1

Sternal head -> top of the manubrium
Clavicular head -> medial third of the clavicle

Question 2

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

Answer 2

Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput.

Question 3

Sternocleidomastoid actions

Answer 3

Bilaterally flexes the neck and assists to elevate the rib cage during inhalation. Unilaterally rotates the head and neck to the opposite side and laterally flexes the head and neck.

Question 4

Rotation of the head and neck occurs at which joints?

Answer 4

The spinal joints.

Question 5

Lateral flexion of the head and neck occurs at which joints?

Answer 5

Spinal joints.

Question 6

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

Answer 6

Spinal accessory nerve (C2&3)

Question 7

Sternocleidomastoid trigger point referral patterns

Answer 7

The sternal head is above the eye and the clavicular head is aboves the eyes and on the ear.

Question 8

Anterior scalene origin

Answer 8

Tranvserse processes of C3-C6

Question 9

Anterior scalene insertion

Answer 9

First rib

Question 10

Anterior scalene actions

Answer 10

Bilaterally elevate the ribs during inhalation and flex the head and neck. Unilaterally rotate the head and neck to the opposite side and laterally flex the head and neck.

Question 11

Anterior scalene innervation

Answer 11

Cervical spinal nerves

Question 12

Scalene trigger point referral patterns

Answer 12

Shoulder, pectorals, medial scapula

Question 13

Middle scalene origin

Answer 13

Transverse processes of C2-C7

Question 14

Middle scalene insertion

Answer 14

First rib

Question 15

Middle scalene actions

Answer 15

Bilaterally elevate the ribs during inhalation. Unilaterally rotate the head and neck to the opposite side and laterally flex the head and neck.

Question 16

Middle scalene innervation

Answer 16

Cervical spinal nerves.

Question 17

Posterior scalene origin

Answer 17

Transverse processes of C6-C7

Question 18

Posterior scalene insertion

Answer 18

Second rib

Question 19

Posterior scalene actions

Answer 19

Bilaterally elevates the ribs during inhalation. Unilaterally rotates the head and neck to the opposite side and laterally flexes the head and neck.

Question 20

Posterior scalene innervation

Answer 20

Cervical spinal nerves

Question 21

Path of the brachial plexus

Answer 21

Between the anterior and middle scalenes.

Question 22

Levator scapula origin

Answer 22

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Question 23

Levator scapula insertion

Answer 23

Medial border of the scapula between the superior angle and the superior portion of the spine of the scapula.

Question 24

Levator scapula actions

Answer 24

Bilaterally extends the head and neck. Unilaterally elevates and downwardly rotates the scapula, rotates the head and neck to the same side and laterally flexes the head and neck.

Question 25

Actions of the scapula occur at which joint?

Answer 25

Scapulothoracic joints

Question 26

Levator scapula innervation

Answer 26

Cervical spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve.

Question 27

Levator scapula trigger point referral patterns

Answer 27

All over the neck and shoulders.

Question 28

Which muscle is problematic for office workers?

Answer 28

Levator scapula

Question 29

Direction for rotation of the scapula refers to which landmark?

Answer 29

The acromion.

Question 30

Downward rotation of the scapula looks like what?

Answer 30

Outward rotation of the scapula.

Question 31

Splenius capitis origin

Answer 31

Inferior half of the ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of C7 to T4.

Question 32

Splenius capitis insertion

Answer 32

Mastoid process and lateral portion of the superior nuchal line

Question 33

Splenius capitis actions

Answer 33

Bilaterally extend the head and neck. Unilaterally rotate the head and neck to the same side, laterally flex the head and neck.

Question 34

Splenius capitis innervation

Answer 34

Cervical nerves

Question 35

Splenius capitis trigger point referral patterns

Answer 35

The top of the head

Question 36

Trapezius origin

Answer 36

External occipital protuberance, the medial portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput, the ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of C7-T12.

Question 37

Trapezius insertion

Answer 37

Lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion process and the spine of the scapula.

Question 38

Trapezius actions, upper fibers

Answer 38

Bilaterally extend the head and neck, laterally flex the heack and neck, elevate and upwardly rotate the scapula.

Question 39

Trapezius actions, middle fibers

Answer 39

Adduct/retract the scapula and stabilize the scapula at the scapulothoracic joint.

Question 40

Trapezius actions, lower fibers

Answer 40

Depress and upwardly rotate the scapula at the scapulthoracic joint.

Question 41

Trapezius innervation

Answer 41

Spinal portion of cranial nerve 11 (accessory nerve) and the ventral rami of C2-C4.

Question 42

Trapezius trigger point referral patterns

Answer 42

The temples and acromion.

Question 43

Rhomboid major origin

Answer 43

Spinous processes of T2-T5

Question 44

Rhomboid major insertion

Answer 44

Medial border of the scapula, between the spine of the scapula and the inferior angle.

Question 45

Rhomboid innervation

Answer 45

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4&5)

Question 45

Which muscles retract the scapula?

Answer 45

The rhomboids and middle trapezius.

Question 46

Rhomboid actions

Answer 46

Adduct (retract), elevate and downwardly rotates the scapula at the scapulothoracic joints.

Question 47

Sternocleidomastoid plapation key

Answer 47

Client supine, contralaterally rotate and lift the head and neck off of the table.

Question 48

Scalene palpation key

Answer 48

Drop laterally off of the SCM, then have client take short, quick breaths through the nose.

Question 49

Levator scapula palpation key - seated

Answer 49

Hand in small of back, resist elevation of the scapula.

Question 50

Levator scapula palpation key - prone

Answer 50

Locate superior angle of scapula, strum across fibers just above superior angle.

Question 51

Splenius capitis palpation key

Answer 51

Client seated with head rotated ipsilaterally. Resist extension of the head and neck.

Question 52

Trapezius palpation key

Answer 52

Client prone, instruct them to "fly like an airplane."

Question 53

Rhomboid palpation key

Answer 53

Client's hand in the small of their back, have them lift their hand away from their back.

Question 54

Rhomboid minor origin

Answer 54

Spinous processes of C7-T1

Question 55

Rhomboid minor insertion

Answer 55

Upper portion of the the medial border of the scapula, across from the spine of the scapula.