muscles Flashcards
Erector spinae muscles (as a group):
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: iliac crest and posterior surface of the sacrum and lumbar SPs
insertion: SPs and TVPs of the cervical and thoracic spinal and the capitis
action: EXTENSION
innervation: posterior rami of spinal nerves
Sternocleidomastoid:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: manubrium of sternum
insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone
action: contralateral rotation of head and neck
innervation: spinal accessory nerve
Scalene Group:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin : TVPs of C3-C7
insertion: 1st and 2nd rib
action: lateral flexion
innervation: Anterior rami of cervicle spinal nerves
Temporalis:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin : Temporal fossa and fascia
insertion: Coronoid process and ramus of mandible
action: Elevate and retract mandible
innervation: mandibular nerve
Masseter:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: zygomatic arch
insertion: ramus of mandible
action: elevate and protract mandible
innervation: mandibular nerve
Rectus Abdominis:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin : pubic crest
insertion: xiphoid process and ribs 5,6,7
action: flex trunk
innervation: intercostal nerve
External abdominal Oblique Muscle:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: lower 8 ribs
insertion: linea alba and iliac crest
action: contralateral rotation
innervation: intercostal nerve
Rhomboid Major & Minor:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin :
Minor: SPs of C7 and T1
Major: SPs of T2-T5
insertion: medial border of scapula
action: retraction (adduction) of scapula
innervation: dorsal scapular
Trapezius:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: occipital protuberance and SPs of T1-T12
insertion: lateral clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
action: elevate, depress, retract, upward rotation of scapula
innervation: spinal accessory
Latissimus Dorsi:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: SPs of T7-L5 and crests of ilium and sacrum
insertion: bicipital groove of humerus
action: adduct, extend and medially rotate arm
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
Serratus Anterior:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: upper 9 ribs
insertion: anterior medial scapula
action: protract (abduct) and upward rotation of scapula
innervation: long thoracic
Pectoralis Major:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: medial clavicle and sternum
insertion: bicitpal groove of humerus
action: adduction, horizontal adduction and medial (internal) rotation of arm
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral
Deltoid
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: lateral clavicle (anterior fibers), acromion (lateral fibers), spine of scpula (posterior fibers)
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
action: abduct shoulder
innervation: axillary
Subscapularis:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin : sub scapular fossa
insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
action: medial rotation of shoulder joint
innervation: subscapular
Supraspinatus:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: supraspinatous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
action: abduction of shoulder joint
innervation: suprascapular
Infraspinatus:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: infraspinatous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
action: lateral rotation of shoulder joint
innervation: suprascapular
Teres Major:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: inferior lateral scapula
insertion: bicipital groove of humerus
action: medial rotation, adduction, extension
innervation: subscapular
Teres Minor:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: superior-lateral scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
action: lateral rotation of shoulder joint
innervation: axillary
Biceps Brachii:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity
action: flexion of arm
innervation: musculocutaneous
Triceps Brachii:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
insertion: olecranon process of ulna
action: extension of arm and forearm
innervation: radial
Pronator teres:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: coronoid process of ulna and medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: radius
action: pronation of forearm
innervation: median
Flexor carpi radialis:
origin
Insertion
action
innervation
origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: base of 2 and 3 metacarpals
action: flex and abduct (radial deviate) hand
innervation: median
Flexor Carpi ulnaris:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon of ulna
insertion: base of 5 metacarpal, pisiform and hook of hamate
action: flex and adduct (ulnar deviation) of hand
innervation: ulnar
Flexor digitorum superficialis:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin : medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna and radius
insertion: base of middle phalanges of 2-5
action: flex hand and fingers and MCP + PIP joints
innervation: median
Extensor carpi radialis longus:
origin
insertion
action
innervation
origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal
action: extend and radial deviate (abduct) wrist
innervation: radial
brachioradialis
origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: styloid process of radius
action: flex forearm in mid pronation
innervation: radial
extensor digitorum
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: distal and middle phalanges of 2-5
action: extend wrist, extend fingers at MCP, PIP and DIP
innervation: radial
abductor pollicis longus
origin : middle of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane
insertion: base of 1st metacarpal
action: abduct and extend thumb at CMC joint
innervation: radial
abductor pollicis brevis
origin: scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum
insertion: lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: abduction of thumb
innervation: median
flexor pollicis brevis
origin: trapezium and flexor retinaculum
insertion: lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: flexion of thumb
innervation: median
dorsal interossei
origin: adjacent sides of metacarpals
insertion:
#1: lateral index finger
#2: lateral middle finger
#3: medial middle finger
#4: medial ring finger
action: abduction (and flexion and extension) of fingers 2, 3, 4
innervation: ulnar
Tensor Fascia Lata:
origin: lateral ASIS and anterior part of iliac crest
insertion: tibia (gerdy’s tubercle)
action: flex, abduct, medial rotate thigh (hip joint)
innervation: superior gluteal
sartorius
origin : ASIS
insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia (forms per anserine tendon)
action: flex hip and knee
innervation: femoral
biceps femoris
origin
long head: ischial tuberosity
short head: linear aspera
insertion
-head of fibula
-lateral condyle of tibia
action
-hip extension and knee flexion
innervation
-tibia and common fibular
semitendinous
origin; ischial tuberosity
insertion; proximal and medial shaft of tibia
action; hip extension and knee flexion
innervation: tibial
rectus femoris
origin ; AIIS and groove above brim of acetabulum
insertion: base of patella and tibial tuberosity
action: extend leg (knee joint), flex thigh (hip joint)
innervation: femoral
vastus medialis
origin : anterior and lateral femur
insertion: base of patella and tibial tuberosity
action: extension of leg (knee joint)
innervation: femoral
adductor muscles (as a group)
origin : pubic ramus and ischium
insertion: linear aspera of femur
action: adduction of hip
innervation: obturator nerve (except pectinous - femoral nerve)
gastrocnemius
origin
-medial head; medial condyles of femur
-lateral head; lateral condyles of femur
insertion; calcaneus via calcanea (achilles) tendon
action; planter flexion of foot (ankle joint), flexion of leg (at knee joint)
innervation; tibial
