bony landmarks

Question 1

spinous process fun fact

Answer 1

C7 has the most prominent spinous process

Question 2

transverse process fun fact

Answer 2

lateral costotransverse ligaments connect the posterior surface of the tip of the transverse process to the nonarticular part of the tubercle of the analogous rib

Question 3

ribs fun fact

Answer 3

-ribs 1-7 are true ribs; have direct attachment to the sternum
-ribs 8-10 are false ribs- indirect attachment to the sternum (fuse with 7th rib)
-11 and 12 are free floating- no attachment to the sternum

Question 4

posterior surface of sacrum fun fact

Answer 4

erector spinae group of muscles originate here

Question 5

median crest of sacrum fun fact

Answer 5

-fusion of the first three sacral spinous processes

Question 6

sternum; manubrium, jugular notch, sternal angle, body, xiphoid process fun fact

Answer 6

jugular notch: depression in between where the clavicles attach

sternal angle: 2nd rib

body: ribs 3-6

manubrium: clavicle sternal end and 1st

xiphoid process: for rectus abdominus to insert, and rib 7

Question 7

external occipital protuberance fun fact

Answer 7

upper trapezius originates here

Question 8

mandible; angle, condyle and coronoid process fun fact

Answer 8

temporalis inserts on coronoid process

medial pterygoid (& masseters) inserts on angle of mandible

the condyle is an articular surface in the tempomandibular joint disc (TMJ)

Question 9

zygomatic arch fun fact

Answer 9

where the masseters originate

Question 10

scpaula; spine, coracoid process, acromion, inferior angle, medial border, lateral border, infraspinatus fossa, supraspinatus fossa

fun facts

Answer 10

spine: middle trapezius fibers insert or deltoid originates

coracoid process: biceps originate here

acromion: lateral fibres of deltoid originate here

inferior angle: teres major attaches to inferior lateral scapula\
–> paralysis of serrates anterior can caused winged scapula where inferior angle sticks out

medial border: serrates anterior attaches to anterior surface of medial border

lateral border: teres minor originates at superior lateral border

infraspinatous fossa: : infraspinatus muscle originates here

supraspinatous fossa: : supraspinatous muscle originates here

Question 11

clavicle; sternal end, acromial end, body fun facts

Answer 11

sternal end: the clavicle articulates with the manubrial portion of the sternum, forming the sternoclavicular joint (SC joint)

acromial end: the acromioclavicular joint attaches the acromion to the clavicle here

body: the clavicular head of the pectoralis major attaches to the clavicle

Question 12

Humerus (greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, medial epicondyle, and lateral epicondyle):
fun facts

Answer 12

Medial epicondyle serves as attachment point to almost all flexor muscles of the forearm (i.e. flexor carpi radialis)

Lateral epicondyle serves as attachment point for almost all extensor muscles of the forearm (i.e. extensor digitorum)

Lesser tubercle; subscapularis inserts here

Greater tubercle; supraspinatous and infrapsinatous insert here

Question 13

Ulna (head of the ulna, olecranon process): fun facts

Answer 13

Triceps inserts on the olecranon process

Head of the ulna is distal and articulates with the ulnar notch on the radius and with the triangular articular disc in the Wrist Joint.

Question 14

Radius (styloid process): fun facts

Answer 14

Brachioradialis inserts at the styloid process
-it’s the most distal part of the radius

Question 15

carpal bones (scaphoid, pisiform, hook of hamate): fun facts

Answer 15

Scaphoid is the floor of the anatomical snuff box

Pisiform; most lateral of 1st row of carpal bones, part of carpal arch, abductor digiti minimi originates here

Hook of hamate: flexor digiti minimi and opponnens digiti minimi orginate here
-most lateral of 2nd row of carpal bones

Question 16

Hip bone (iliac crest, iliac fossa, ASIS, Ischial tuberosity): fun facts

Answer 16

iliac crest: gluteus maximum originals here

iliac fossa: illiacus originates here

ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine): sartorius originates here

ischial tuberosity: semitendinosus originates here

Question 17

Femur (greater trochanter, condyle, epicondyle): fun facts

Answer 17

greater trochanter: gluteus minimus inserts here

condyle

epicondyle: gastroncenemius originates at medial epicondyle and medial and later condyle

Question 18

Patella (base, apex, medial border, lateral border): fun facts

Answer 18

vastus lateralis inserts on lateral border of patella

vastus medialis inserts of medial border of patella

–>both also do base of patella
–>the quad muscles connect to the base

apex: The patellar ligament connects the bottom (apex) of your patella to your tibia (shin bone)

Question 19

Tibia (lateral condyle, medial condyle, tibial tuberosity, medial malleolus): fun facts

Answer 19

lateral condyle: biceps femoris insertion (and head of fibula)

rectus femoris inserts at tibial tuberosity

medial condyle: semimembranous inserts here

medial malleolus: flexor digitorum longus attaches here and deltoid ligament

Question 20

Fibula (head, neck, lateral malleolus): fun facts

Answer 20

biceps femoris inserts at head of fibula (and lateral condyle of tibia)

neck: ????

lateral malleolus ???