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Head and neck > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve supply of the facial muscles

A

facial nerve CN VII

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2
Q

Occipitofrontalis action

A

elevates eyebrows
wrinkles skin on forehead
retracts scalp

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3
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids
palpebral part - gently
orbital part - tight winking

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4
Q

buccinator action

A

presses cheek against molar teeth
resists distension of cheeks when blowing

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5
Q

orbicularis oris action

A

holds lips closed
compresses and protrudes lips

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6
Q

platysma action

A

depresses mandible
tenses skin of inferior face and neck

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7
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis
masseter
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid

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8
Q

PA of temporalis

A

Floor of temporal fossa, up to the inferior temporal line
Deep surface temporal fascia

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9
Q

DA of temporalis

A

Coronoid process of the mandible
Anterior ramus

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10
Q

What nerve supplies the muscles of mastication

A

mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

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11
Q

action of the temporalis

A

elevates mandible (closes jaw)
posterior fibre retracts the mandible

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12
Q

PA of the masseter

A

zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch

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13
Q

DA of masseter

A

Angle and lateral side of ramus of the mandible

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14
Q

action of masseter

A

elevates mandible
assists in protrusion

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15
Q

PA of lateral pterygoid

A

greater wing of the sphenoid
lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

(two heads)

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16
Q

DA of lateral pterygoid

A

neck of mandible and articular disc

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17
Q

action of lateral pterygoid

A

bilaterally protrudes mandible
depresses chin
unilaterally moves jaw to the contralateral side

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18
Q

PA of medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
palatine and maxillary bone
(2 heads)

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19
Q

DA of medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of the mandibular ramus

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20
Q

action of medial pterygoid

A

elevates mandible and assists in protrusion
unilaterally produces grinding movements

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21
Q

DA of SCM

A

mastoid process of the temporal bone

22
Q

PA of SCM

A

Sternal head - manubrium of the sternum
Clavicular head - medial 1/3 of the clavicle

23
Q

NS of SCM

A

accessory nerve CN XI (motor
spinal nerves

24
Q

action of SCM

A

bilaterally - anterior translation of the head
unilaterally - ipsilateral side bending, contralateral rotation

25
Q

PA of trapezius

A

medial 1/3 of superior nuchal ligament
external occipital protuberance
nuchal ligament
SPs of C7-T12

26
Q

DA of trapezius

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
spine of the scapula

27
Q

NS of trapezius

A

accessory nerve CN XI
C3/4 spinal nerves

28
Q

Action of trapezius

A

Superior
* Elevates scapula
Middle
* Retracts scapula
Inferior
* Depresses scapula
Superior and inferior: rotate glenoid fossa superiorly

29
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

Mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid
diagastric

30
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

31
Q

prevertebral/anterior muscles

A

longus colli
longus capitis
rectus capitis anterior
anterior scalene

32
Q

lateral cervical muscles

A

rectus capitis lateralis
splenius capitis
middle scalene
posterior scalene
levator scapulae

33
Q

PA of middle scalene

A

posterior tubercles of TPs of C5-7

34
Q

DA of middle scalene

A

1st rib, posterior to subclavian groove

35
Q

the action of the middle scalene

A

side bending of the neck
elevation of 1st rib during forced inspiration

36
Q

PA of posterior scalene

A

posterior tubercles of TPs of C5-7

37
Q

DA of posterior scalene

A

external border of 2nd rib

38
Q

the action of posterior scalene

A

side bending of the neck
elevation of the 2nd rib during forced inspiration

39
Q

PA of levator scapulae

A

posterior tubercle of TPs C1-4 vertebrae

40
Q

DA of levator scapulae

A

medial border of the scapula, superior to the spine of the scapula

41
Q

action of levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula and downwardly rotates it

42
Q

suboccipital muscles

A

rectus capitis posterior major
rectus capitis posterior minor
obliquus capitis inferior
obliquus capitis superior

43
Q

what are the superficial extrinsic muscles

A

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids

44
Q

what are the intermediate extrinsic muscles

A

serratus posterior superior
serratus posterior inferior

45
Q

what are the superficial intrinsic muscles

A

splenius capitis
spenius cervicis

46
Q

what are the intermediate intrinsic muscles

A

iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

47
Q

which group of back muscles are the erector spinae muscles?

A

intermediate intrinsic

48
Q

what are the deep intrinsic muscles?

A

rotatores
multifidus
semispinalis

49
Q

what are the deep intrinsic muscles also called

A

transversospinalis muscles

50
Q

what are the deep minor intrinsic muscles

A

interspinalis
intertransversarii
levatores costarum

Head and neck (5 decks)

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